Numerical modeling of magmatic–hydrothermal systems constrained by U–Th–Pb–He time–temperature histories

Fu, Frank Q.; McInnes, Brent; Evans, Noreen J.; Davies, Peter J.

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2009.09.001

Cited by 48 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…These studies have demonstrated the driving forces, scales, and patterns of fluid flow in various hydrothermal mineralization systems, including notably mineral deposits associated with magmatic intrusions (e.g., White et al, 1971;Norton andCathles, 1973, 1979;Whitney, 1975;Cathles, 1977Cathles, , 1981Cathles, , 1997Norton and Knight, 1977;Norton, 1978;Henley and McNabb, 1978;Hayba and Ingebritsen, 1997;Driesner and Geiger, 2007;Fu et al, 2010), ocean floor hydrothermal venting systems (e.g., Lowell, 1975;Ribando et al, 1976;Wolery and Sleep, 1976;Parmentier and Spooner, 1978;Fehn and Cathles, 1979;Cathles, 1983;Fisher and Becker, 1995;Yang et al, 2006), mineral deposits formed in sedimentary basins (e.g., Cathles and Smith, 1983;Freeze, 1984a, 1984b;Bethke, 1986;Bethke and Marshak, 1990;Sanford, 1994;Garven, 1995;Raffensperger andGarven, 1995a, 1995b;Garven and Raffensperger, 1997;Chi and Savard, 1998;Cathles and Adams, 2005;Xue et al, 2010Xue et al, , 2011, and mineralizing systems associated with structures (e.g., Phillips, 1972;Fyfe et al, 1978;Etheridge, 1983a, 1983b;Etheridge et al, 1983;…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of hydrodynamic studies of mineralization

Chi

Xue

2011

Geoscience Frontiers

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Fluid flow is an integral part of hydrothermal mineralization, and its analysis and characterization constitute an important part of a mineralization model. The hydrodynamic study of mineralization deals with analyzing the driving forces, fluid pressure regimes, fluid flow rate and direction, and their relationships with localization of mineralization. This paper reviews the principles and methods of hydrodynamic studies of mineralization, and discusses their significance and limitations for ore deposit studies and mineral exploration. The driving forces of fluid flow may be related to fluid overpressure, topographic relief, tectonic deformation, and fluid density change due to heating or salinity variation, depending on specific geologic environments and mineralization processes. The study methods may be classified into three types, megascopic (field) observations, microscopic analyses, and numerical modeling. Megascopic features indicative of significantly overpressured (especially lithostatic or supralithostatic) fluid systems include horizontal veins, sand injection dikes, and hydraulic breccias. Microscopic studies, especially microthermometry of fluid inclusions and combined stress analysis and microthermometry of fluid inclusion planes (FIPs) can provide important information about fluid temperature, pressure, and fluid-structural relationships, thus constraining fluid flow models. Numerical modeling can be carried out to solve partial differential equations governing fluid flow, heat transfer, rock deformation and chemical reactions, in order to simulate the distribution of fluid pressure, temperature, fluid flow rate and direction, and mineral precipitation or dissolution in 2D or 3D space and through time. The results of hydrodynamic studies of mineralization can enhance our understanding of the formation processes of hydrothermal deposits, and can be used directly or indirectly in mineral exploration. ª 2011, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) and Peking University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of hydrodynamic studies of mineralization

Chi

Xue

2011

Geoscience Frontiers

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“…If porosities are high enough, a convection regime may be established (e.g. Gerdes et al, 1998;Cui et al, 2001;Fu et al, 2010) and infiltrated carbonates are likely to melt. This results potentially in a complex two-phase flow environment, clogging the system (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An observational and thermodynamic investigation of carbonate partial melting

Floess

Baumgartner

Vonlanthen

2015

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…Due to the important roles that are played by convective fluid flow in mineralizing systems, a considerable amount of research has been carried out to describe mineralization patterns in mineralizing systems involving convective fluid flow regimes (Fu et al, 2010;Harcouet-Menou et al, 2009;Magri et al, 2010;Yang et al, 2006;Zhao et al, 1998Zhao et al, , 2008b. In particular, the related computational simulation results have demonstrated that convective fluid flow is the dynamic mechanism of resulting equal-distance distribution of Au deposits within the Bardoc fault zone of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia (Zhao et al, 2008b).…”

Section: Simulation Of Fluid Convection Associated With a Mineral Formentioning

confidence: 99%