Numerical modeling of North Sulawesi subduction zone: Implications for the east–west differential evolution

Song, Taoran; Hao, Tianyao; Zhang, Jian; Cao, Lingmin; Dong, Miao

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2021.229172

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The seismic refraction and reflection studies also revealed that the thickness of the accretionary wedge along the NST grows westward, providing evidence for the clockwise rotation of the Northern blocks (Silver et al, 1983b;Kopp et al, 1999). However, the slab depth does not increase toward the west; instead, it attains a maximum depth near the center and reaches a shallow depth at the east and western parts of the subducted slab (Hall & Spakman, 2015;Hayes et al, 2018;Song et al, 2022). The relative velocity rate between the overriding and subducting plates influenced this discrepancy (Song et al, 2022).…”

Section: Tectonics and Geological Settings Of Sulawesimentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Tectonics and Geological Settings Of Sulawesimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the latest Miocene (~5 Ma), the Celebes Sea began to subduct southward beneath the North Arm of Sulawesi along the NST (Surmont et al, 1994;Hall & Spakman, 2015;Song et al, 2022). The rotation of the Northern blocks in a clockwise direction led to the initiation of the Celebes Sea subduction (Silver et al, 1983b;Song et al, 2022). This interpretation was proved by the geodetic, paleomagnetic, and seismic deformation studies that indicated the Northern blocks experienced clockwise rotation with the poles placed near the eastern end of the North Arm relative to the Sunda Block, resulting in an increasing convergence rate westerly along the Northern blocks (NSB and MB) (Surmont et al, 1994;Beaudouin et al, 2003;Socquet et al, 2006).…”

Section: Tectonics and Geological Settings Of Sulawesimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the slab depth does not increase toward the west; instead, it attains a maximum depth near the center and reaches a shallow depth at the east and western parts of the subducted slab (Hall & Spakman, 2015;Hayes et al, 2018;Song et al, 2022). The relative velocity rate between the overriding and subducting plates influenced this discrepancy (Song et al, 2022). The shallow subduction in the eastern part of the Celebes Sea slab was due to the west-dipping Sangihe slab, which limited the growth space of the eastern part of the Celebes Sea slab.…”

Section: Tectonics and Geological Settings Of Sulawesimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismotectonics of Sulawesi, Indonesia

Serhalawan¹,

Chen

2023

Preprint

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In eastern Indonesia, Sulawesi Island lies at the triple junction of the Australian, Sunda, and Phillippine Sea plates. The distinctive K-shape of Sulawesi, consisting of four arms (North, South, East, and Southeast), resulted from continuous geological evolution at different stages. Consequently, each arm has a different deformation style and tectonic setting. We studied the seismotectonics of Sulawesi using the updated dataset for earthquake seismicity and focal mechanisms, including additional supporting data. We grouped Sulawesi shallow part (< 60 kilometers) into six regions, while the deep part (60-400 kilometers) related to the Celebes Sea and Sula slabs. Regarding the shallow part, we found a lack of seismicity in the northern Palu-Koro fault and near the center of the North Sulawesi Trench, although these zones have high slip rates. On the deep part, the Celebes Sea slab showed an increasing dip as depth increased, whereas the Sula slab showed a steeply dipping slab. Moreover, the western Sula slab indicated an absence of shallow depth earthquakes (60–230 kilometers). Based on our investigations, we derived the following well-founded conclusions: (1) The northern Palu-Koro fault was beyond the high relative motion of the Makassar and North Sula blocks, resulting inactive seismicity. (2) A seismic gap or aseismic slip from the Celebes Sea subduction probably produced the low seismicity level near the center of the North Sulawesi Trench. (3) The shallow inactive seismicity in the western Sula slab might be due to the upper slab detaching during the first stage collision in the Early Miocene.

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Section: Tectonics and Geological Settings Of Sulawesimentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Tectonics and Geological Settings Of Sulawesimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonics and Geological Settings Of Sulawesimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonics and Geological Settings Of Sulawesimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismotectonics of Sulawesi, Indonesia

Serhalawan¹,

Chen

2023

Preprint

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“…The North Sulawesi Trench stretches along the northern arm of the island, where southward subduction of the Celebes Sea was initiated ∼9 Myr ago (Hall, 2011). The slab supports earthquakes to a depth of 200 km (Hayes et al., 2018), which, given their dip, suggests at least 300 km of subduction (e.g., Song et al., 2022).…”

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

SASSIER22: Full‐Waveform Tomography of the Eastern Indonesian Region That Includes Topography, Bathymetry, and the Fluid Ocean

Wehner

Rawlinson

Greenfield

et al. 2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Southeast Asia is one of the most complex tectonic regions on Earth and has an extensive history of destruction and loss of life associated with earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanoes (e.g., the 2018 Palu earthquake, Socquet et al., 2019). The eastern region is located at the confluence of three main tectonic plates, and is further complicated by a system of microplates (see Figure 1), with multiple subduction zones that were activated during the Neogene (∼23-2 Myr, Hall, 2012). This complexity is largely driven by the Southeast Asia-Australia collision zone (e.g., Hall, 2011), where subduction along the Indonesian volcanic arc transitions to an arc-continent

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SASSIER22: Full-waveform tomography of the eastern Indonesian region that includes surface topography and the fluid ocean

Wehner

Rawlinson

Greenfield³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We present a new 3-D seismic structural model of the eastern Indonesian region and its surroundings from full-waveform inversion (FWI) that exploits seismic data filtered at periods between 15 -150 s. SASSY21 -a recent 3-D FWI tomographic model of Southeast Asia -is used as a starting model, and our study region is characterized by particularly good data coverage, which facilitates a more refined image. We use the spectral-element solver Salvus to determine the full 3-D wavefield, accounting for the fluid ocean explicitly by solving a coupled system of acoustic and elastic wave equations. This is computationally more expensive but allows seismic waves within the water layer to be simulated, which becomes important for periods [?] 20 s. We investigate path-dependent effects of surface elevation (topography and bathymetry) and the fluid ocean on synthetic waveforms, and compare our final model to the tomographic result obtained with the frequently used ocean loading approximation. Furthermore, we highlight some of the key features of our final model -SASSIER22 -after 34 L-BFGS iterations, which reveals detailed anomalies down to the mantle transition zone, including a convergent double-subduction zone along the southern segment of the Philippine Trench, which was not evident in the starting model. A more detailed illumination of the slab beneath the North Sulawesi Trench reveals a pronounced positive wavespeed anomaly down to 200 km depth, consistent with the maximum depth of seismicity, and a more diffuse but aseismic positive wavespeed anomaly that continues to the 410 km discontinuity.

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Numerical modeling of North Sulawesi subduction zone: Implications for the east–west differential evolution

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

Seismotectonics of Sulawesi, Indonesia

Seismotectonics of Sulawesi, Indonesia

SASSIER22: Full‐Waveform Tomography of the Eastern Indonesian Region That Includes Topography, Bathymetry, and the Fluid Ocean

SASSIER22: Full-waveform tomography of the eastern Indonesian region that includes surface topography and the fluid ocean

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