“…Under action of Q the average values of s 11 , s 22 , s 12 and s i forming within the inner volume of a grain are greater by factors of 2.6, 1.6, 2.2, and 1.1 than similar values for stresses forming at the surface of a grain, intergranular phase adjacent to a grain and matrix, and matrix respectively. Under action of F + Q average values of s 11 , s 22 , s 12 , and s i formed within the inner volume of a grain exceed by factors of 2.2, 1.8, 1.1, and 3.3 similar indices for stresses formed at the surface of a grain, intergranular phase adjacent to a grain and matrix, and matrix respectively.The least average values of s 11 , s 22 , s 12 , and s i under action of F form at the surface of intergranular phase adjacent to a grain; under action of Q at the surface of a grain adjacent to intergranular phase; under action of F and Q at the surface of matrix adjacent to intergranular phase.In carrying out comparative analysis of stress inhomogeneity within the inner volume of a grain and at the surface of structural elements of ceramic of the Al 2 O 3 -MgO and TiC-MgO-Al 2 O 3 systems (see work in[18] under action of different loads, coefficients K 1 = S 1 /S 2 and K 2 = s av1 /Nature of change in stresses s 11 , s 22 , s 12 and stress intensity s i within internal volume (a) and at surface (b ) of a Al 2 O 3 -MgO ceramic system grain under action of different external loads (indicated infigure).…”