Numerical modeling of water hammer in long water transmission pipeline

Arefi, Mohammad Hossein; Ghaeini-Hessaroeyeh, Mahnaz; Memarzadeh, Rasoul

doi:10.1007/s13201-021-01471-9

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The results showed that pipeline diameters had crucial factors that influence hydraulic transient in hydropower plant systems. [16] studied the negative pressure due to the transient flow created by pump failure of the 31 km water transmission pipeline of Kerman City in Iran. It was shown that installing hydropneumatic tanks along the pipeline length in the right places prevented negative pressure.…”

Section: Protection Methods To Resist Water Hammermentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum Hydro Pneumatic Tank Sizing to Protect Transmission Pipelines Supply System against Water Hammer

El-Hazek,

Halawa

2024

Engineering Research Journal (Shoubra)

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Water hammer is a phenomenon caused by flow disturbances in transmission pipelines, resulting in high positive and negative pressures that can cause pipe fracture. This phenomenon occurs due to a sudden pump stoppage or valve closure. There are many ways to protect transmission pipelines against the pressures caused by a water hammer, including hydropneumatic tanks (HT). In this paper, HT is utilized to protect transmission pipeline supply systems in El-Shorouk City, Cairo, Egypt against pump failure. The objective is to identify the optimum sizing of HT, including the inlet diameter and the liquid ratio inside HT, to avoid the harmful effects of the water hammer. The Bentley HAMMER model is used to simulate and analyze steady-state and transient flow conditions in the transmission pipeline. The results indicate that reducing the inlet diameter till reaching 1/5 times the transmission pipeline diameter decreases the maximum pressure. Further reduction in the inlet diameter leads to an increase in the maximum pressure. The study also concludes that the optimum liquid ratio inside HT is 60% (and 40% air). The study achieves approximately 75% savings in the inlet diameter of HT and assigns the optimum liquid volume in HT. Regression analyses are performed and 14 equations are developed to predict the maximum pressure according to the ratio of inlet diameter to the transmission pipeline diameter and liquid ratio in HT.

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Section: Protection Methods To Resist Water Hammermentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum Hydro Pneumatic Tank Sizing to Protect Transmission Pipelines Supply System against Water Hammer

El-Hazek,

Halawa

2024

Engineering Research Journal (Shoubra)

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“…The fluid mass is equivalent to the wall of the pipeline, only considering its influence on pipeline vibration and ignoring the mutual coupling between the fluid and the pipeline. Assuming the density and volume of the pipeline material are ρ g and V g , and the density and volume of the fluid material are ρ l and V l , the equivalent pipeline density is [26,27]:…”

Section: Vibration Characteristics Analysis Of the Submarine Hydrauli...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Water Hammer and Pipeline Vibration Characteristics of Submarine Local Hydraulic System

Quan,

Gao,

Guo

et al. 2023

JMSE

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The hydraulic pipeline vibration noise is one of the main noise sources in submarine stealth conditions. Taking the local hydraulic system of a certain type of submarine as the research object, a model is first developed to simulate water hammer pressures and to study the influence of component parameters on the generation and transmission of water hammers. Then, using the maximum water hammer as the excitation, fluid–structure interaction (FSI) vibration characteristics analysis of the pipeline is carried out. Additionally, the simulation method of clamp bolt pre-tightening is discussed. Finally, the modal test of various specifications of the pipeline is carried out. The results show that the error between the simulation and the test results is within 10%, which verifies the correctness of the model settings. On this basis, with the position of the clamp as the independent variable and the maximum stress of pipelines as the dependent variable, the optimization of pipeline passive vibration control is carried out by genetic algorithm, and the finite element verification shows that the pipeline vibration stress is effectively reduced.

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“…The water hammer protection measures often used include air vessels, pressure-regulating towers, air valves, water hammer relief valves, and two-stage closing of butterfly valves after pumps, etc. [9][10][11][12]. Among these listed methods, air vessels are used more frequently and with better application results due to their economic and stability advantages [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Water Hammer Protection Programs for Complex Long-Distance and High-Head Water Supply Projects

Tang,

Cheng,

Shen

et al. 2024

Water

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The purpose of this research is to solve the complex long-distance and high-lift water supply engineering accident water hammer protection problem. Taking the Zhaojinzhuang water supply project as an example, based on the method of characteristics (MOC), the water hammer of the pumping station under the combined action of a water hammer relief valve, hydraulic-control butterfly valve, air vessel, air valve, and other water hammer protection measures is numerically simulated and calculated, and the effectiveness of the range method is analyzed, to ensure a waterproof hammer in pump stop accidents. The results show that the main factors affecting the effect of water hammer protection under the two-stage valve-closing parameters of the hydraulic-control butterfly valve are the fast-closing angle and the slow-closing time. The arrangement of the air vessel behind the pump can effectively increase the minimum water hammer pressure in the climbing section, and with the increase of the volume of the air vessel, the pump reverse speed and the maximum positive pressure increase slightly, but the overall water hammer protection effect is better. With the increase of the moment of inertia of the motor, the maximum positive pressure and minimum negative pressure of the pipeline still do not meet the requirements of the specification, and the modification cost is relatively large. The combination of the one-stage hydraulic-control butterfly valve, the air valve, the air vessel, and the water hammer relief valve can effectively reduce the volume of the air vessel. Under the optimal method, the maximum positive pressure head is 236.61 m, and the minimum negative pressure head is −3.18 m. Compared with the original method, the maximum positive pressure head is increased by 1.18%, the minimum negative pressure head is reduced by 95.78%, the maximum reverse speed of the pump is reduced by 100%, and the maximum reverse flow of the pump is reduced by 70.27%, meeting the requirements of water hammer protection. This is a safe and economical protection method.

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Numerical modeling of water hammer in long water transmission pipeline

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Optimum Hydro Pneumatic Tank Sizing to Protect Transmission Pipelines Supply System against Water Hammer

Optimum Hydro Pneumatic Tank Sizing to Protect Transmission Pipelines Supply System against Water Hammer

Analysis of Water Hammer and Pipeline Vibration Characteristics of Submarine Local Hydraulic System

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Water Hammer Protection Programs for Complex Long-Distance and High-Head Water Supply Projects

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