Numerical models for vehicle exhaust dispersion in complex urban areas

Liu, Weiming

doi:10.1002/fld.2396

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Most efforts so far in modelling of dust dispersion have focused on air quality in urban environments such as street canyons . Models have been developed for gaseous pollutants such as CO and NO x and particulate emissions such as PM 10 and PM 2.5 with an aerodynamic diameter below 10 and 2.5 µm respectively.…”

Section: Modelling Of Ust Emission Of Dust and Dust Driftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide‐laden dust emission and drift from treated seeds during seed drilling: a review

Nuyttens¹,

Devarrewaere

Verboven

et al. 2013

Pest Management Science

128

120

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Dressing seeds with pesticides to control pests is a widespread practice with important advantages. Recent incidents of bee losses, however, have directed attention to the emission of abraded pesticide-coated seed particles to the environment during sowing. This phenomenon of drift of pesticide dust can lead to pesticide contamination of air, water and other natural resources in crop-growing areas. This review article presents the state of the art of the phenomenon of dust emission and drift from pesticide seed dressing during sowing and its consequences. Firstly, pesticide seed treatment is defined and its pros and cons are set out, with the focus on dust, dust emission and dust drift from pesticide-coated seed. The factors affecting emission of pesticide dust (e.g. seed treatment quality, seed drilling technology and environmental conditions) are considered, along with its possible effects. The measuring techniques and protocols and models currently in use for calculating the behaviour of dust are reviewed, together with their features and limitations. Finally, possible mitigation measures are discussed, such as improving the seed quality and the use of modified seed drilling technology, and an overview of regulations and stewardship activities is given.

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Section: Modelling Of Ust Emission Of Dust and Dust Driftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide‐laden dust emission and drift from treated seeds during seed drilling: a review

Nuyttens¹,

Devarrewaere

Verboven

et al. 2013

Pest Management Science

128

120

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“…Studies [43][44][45][46] have examined the effects of initial emission concentration, exit velocity, exit direction, and crosswind intensity on exhaust plume dispersion, both experimentally and numerically. CFD studies of street canyons have offered valuable insights into wind fields and pollutant transport [47,48],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Evolution of Vehicle Exhaust Plumes in a Congested Street Canyon Environment

Chu,

Brimblecombe,

Wei

et al. 2024

Environments

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Air pollutants from traffic make an important contribution to human exposure, with pedestrians likely to experience rapid fluctuation and high concentrations on the pavements of busy streets. This monitoring campaign was on Hennessy Road in Hong Kong, a densely populated city with deep canyons, crowded footpaths and low wind speeds. Kerbside NOx concentrations were measured using electrochemical sensors with baseline correction and subsequently deconvoluted to determine concentrations at 1-s resolution to study the dispersion of exhaust gases within the first few metres of their on-road source. The pulses of NOx from passing vehicles were treated as segments of a Gaussian plume originating at the tailpipe. The concentration profiles in segments were fit to a simple analytical equation assuming a continuous line source with R2 > 0.92. Least squares fitting parameters could be attributed to vehicle speed and source strength, dispersion, and sensor position. The width of the plume was proportional to the inverse of vehicle speed. The source strength of NOx from passing vehicles could be interpreted in terms of individual emissions, with a median value of approximately 0.18 g/s, but this was sensitive to vehicle speed and exhaust pipe position. The current study improves understanding of rapid changes in pollutant concentration in the kerbside environment and suggests opportunities to establish the contribution from traffic flow to pedestrian exposure in a dynamic heavily occupied urban microenvironment.

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“…41 Due to the simplicity, some of the RDE can be solved analytically, which is convenient for real-world applications. 42,43 More recently, the RDE has been developed into an advection−diffusion− reaction equation, 44,45 which has been applied to many realworld issues such as the combustion exhaust of vehicles 46 and the delivery of nanoparticles in tumor tissues. 47 The success of RDE is due to the unified equation, which avoids many compatibility problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Reaction–Diffusion–Convection Model and Its Application to NO Oxidation in Reactors

Luo,

Liu

2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The multiscale modeling of a reaction-transport process is an important issue in both fundamental and applied studies. We introduced a reaction−diffusion−convection model to deal with the reaction-transport process in chemical engineering by combining the reaction kinetics model, classical density functional theory (CDFT), and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The reaction kinetic model and CDFT are unified into a differential equation, which is coupled with the CFD equation by a boundary condition. The model is applied to NO oxidation in a reactor. The multiscale model reveals the relationship between the microscopic properties and the macroscopic performance of a catalyst/reactor. We examined the dependence of conversion on adsorption strength, the shape and number of catalyst particles, and flow velocity. The multiscale prediction is consistent with the experiment, and there is a selfinhibition effect in the reaction-transport process. The model gives some insight into the design of reactors and has the potential to be applied to other reaction-transport processes.

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Numerical models for vehicle exhaust dispersion in complex urban areas

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Pesticide‐laden dust emission and drift from treated seeds during seed drilling: a review

Pesticide‐laden dust emission and drift from treated seeds during seed drilling: a review

Temporal Evolution of Vehicle Exhaust Plumes in a Congested Street Canyon Environment

Development of a Reaction–Diffusion–Convection Model and Its Application to NO Oxidation in Reactors

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