“…The original paper of a mountain pass algorithm to solve partial differential equations is [CM93], and it contains several semilinear elliptic problems. Particular applications in numerical partial differential equations include finding periodic solutions of a boundary value problem modeling a suspension bridge [Fen94] (introduced by [LM91]), studying a system of Ginzburg-Landau type equations arising in the thin film model of superconductivity [GM08], the choreographical 3-body problem [ABT06], and cylinder buckling [HLP06]. Other notable works in computing saddle points for solving numerical partial differential equations include the use of constrained optimization [Hor04], extending the mountain pass algorithm to find saddle points of higher Morse index [DCC99,LZ01], extending the mountain pass algorithm to find nonsmooth saddle points [YZ05], and using symmetry [WZ04,WZ05].…”