Numerical Prediction and Experimental Validation of the Microstructure of Bearing Steel Ball Formation in Warm Skew Rolling

Huo, Yuanming; He, Tao; Wang, Baoyu; Zheng, Zhenhua; Xue, Yong

doi:10.1007/s11661-019-05589-z

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Skew rolling is considered one of the most effective ways for manufacturing smallsized ball bearings [109] that involves passing a semi-finished bar product through helically shaped rollers [110], Figure 15. The bar is continuously passed through the rollers to produce the desired shape and size of the ball bearings [111]. Skew rolling has several advantages over traditional manufacturing methods.…”

Section: Skew Rollingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation as a Tool for the Study, Development, and Optimization of Rolling Processes: A Review

Ojeda-López,

Botana-Galvín,

González-Rovira

et al. 2024

Metals

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Rolling is one of the most important processes in the metallurgical industry due to its versatility. Despite its inherent advantages, design and manufacturing by rolling still rely on trial-and-error-based optimizations, which reduces its efficiency. To minimize the cost and time spent on the development of new rolling schedules, various analytical and numerical methods have been used in recent years. Among other alternatives, simulations based on the finite element method (FEM) are the most widely used. This allows for the analysis of the feasibility of new rolling schedules considering metal alloys with different characteristics, process conditions, or the creation of new operations, as well as the optimization of existing ones. This paper presents a literature review including the latest developments in the field of numerical simulation of rolling processes, which have been classified according to the type of rolling into the following categories: flat rolling, shape rolling, ring rolling, cross-wedge rolling, skew rolling, and tube piercing.

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Section: Skew Rollingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation as a Tool for the Study, Development, and Optimization of Rolling Processes: A Review

Ojeda-López,

Botana-Galvín,

González-Rovira

et al. 2024

Metals

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“…В работе [12] рассмотрены особенности износа валков и оправок прошивного стана с применением компьютерного моделирования. Кроме анализа энергосиловых параметров [13] и особенностей формоизменения, компьютерное моделирование также применяют для предсказания разрушения во время деформации [14] и формирования микроструктуры [15].…”

Section: Doi: 1017073/0368-0797-2020-10-848-855unclassified

Analysis of pipe piercing on PRP 70-270 with FEM modeling

Orlov¹,

Гончарук²,

Кобелев³

et al. 2020

Izv. vysš. učebn. zaved., Čern. metall.

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The article analyzes the piercing and rolling process of seamless pipes on PRP 70-270 of JSC “VMP” in terms of power parameters, piercing time and geometric sizes of pipes. The research results were compared with the results of computer simulation on software package QFORM 3D. For simulation, the deformation zones were designed for piercing a mold tube with dimensions of 203×16.5 mm in one pass on a mandrel with diameter of 162 mm and in two passes of piercing and rolling-off on mandrels with diameter of 76 and 162 mm, respectively. From the obtained data on the power parameters, it was found that from the point of view of energy consumption, piercing in one pass seems more appropriate. However, when piercing in one pass, wear resistance of the mandrels sharply decreases, since the contact time between the tool and the hot metal increases. This leads to a decrease in quality of the pipes’ inner surface, more frequent replacement of the tool and increased downtime of the equipment. During simulation, the selected parameter of the friction factor has a significant impact on the value of power parameters (torque and power consumption) and piercing time. The dependences of changing power parameters and piercing time on the friction factor during piercing in a two-roll mill with guards are obtained. With increase of the friction factor, piercing time decreases and torque and rolling power increase. The simulation results are correlated with results of experimental rolling. With a correctly chosen value of the friction factor, power parameters and geometry of the mold tube can be quite accurately predicted by computer modeling.

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“…The analysis based on Finite Element Method (FEM) to predict microstructure in the austenite phase has been proposed. The analysis of phase transformation should be combined with this analysis to predict the final microstructure after cooling with a defined cooling rate [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evaluation and FE simulation of phase transformations and tensile stresses in hot forging and controlled cooling

Hocalar¹,

Saklakoğlu²,

Demirok³

2022

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This paper encompasses the development of a microstructure-based numerical model (FEM) of the conveyor cooling process after the hot forging of industrial steel with accurate predictions of the volume fraction of phases as yield and tensile strengths. An experimental procedure for validating the FEM was conducted using optical and scanning electron microscopy and tensile tests. Results showed very good agreement between the phase predictions of the 3D FEM model and those obtained from direct measurement of forged parts, with an average error of about 3.6 and 6.9 % for ferrite and pearlite phases, respectively. Tensile test results were evaluated at a 90 % reliability level, and very good agreements were obtained with an error of about 3 and 5 % for the yield and tensile strengths. The methodology could predict the phase transformations, and the mechanical properties during cooling after the hot forging of the steel were investigated.

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Numerical Prediction and Experimental Validation of the Microstructure of Bearing Steel Ball Formation in Warm Skew Rolling

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Numerical Simulation as a Tool for the Study, Development, and Optimization of Rolling Processes: A Review

Numerical Simulation as a Tool for the Study, Development, and Optimization of Rolling Processes: A Review

Analysis of pipe piercing on PRP 70-270 with FEM modeling

Experimental evaluation and FE simulation of phase transformations and tensile stresses in hot forging and controlled cooling

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