Numerical prediction of heat transfer characteristics based on monthly temperature gradient in algal open raceway ponds

Ali, Haider; Cheema, Taqi Ahmad; Park, Cheol Woo

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.10.061

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A 2D paddle wheel with six blades (0.55 m × 0.04 m) and a diameter of 0.6 m was used to circulate water in the 3D raceway pond. The boundary-connected coupling method was employed to introduce the pulsatile flow of the 2D paddle wheel in the 3D raceway pond [24,[28][29][30]. The Reynolds number (Re h ) based on the hydraulic diameter (D h ) determined the turbulent flow in the raceway pond as follows:…”

Section: Geometries Of the Raceway Pond And Microalgal Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ALE method was applied to model the effects of water turbulence on the microalgal cell wall structure using the FSI interface of COMSOL. A boundary-connected coupling method was adopted to import the pulsatile flow effects of the 2D paddle wheel into the 3D raceway pond to reduce computation time and memory [24,[28][29][30]. The paddle wheel was modeled with the rotating machinery interface of COMSOL.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation and Mesh Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of the Structural Characteristics of Microalgal Cells Walls under the Influence of Turbulent Mixing Energy in Open Raceway Ponds

2018

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Turbulent flow mixing is essential in optimizing microalgal cultivation in raceway ponds. Microalgal cells are however highly sensitive to hydrodynamic stresses produced by turbulent mixing because of their small size. The mechanical properties (wall deformation and von Misses stress) of the microalgal cell wall structure under the influence of turbulent mixing are yet to be explored. High turbulence magnitudes damage microalgal cell walls by adversely affecting their mechanical properties which consequently destroy the microalgal cells and reduce the biofuel production. Therefore, such a study is required to improve the biofuel productivity of microalgal cells before their cell wall damage in raceway pond. This study developed a novel fluid-structure interaction (FSI)-based numerical model to investigate the effects of turbulent mixing on the cell wall damage of microalgal cells in raceway ponds. The study investigated microalgal cell wall damage at four different locations in a raceway pond in consideration of the effects of pond's hydrodynamic and geometric properties. An experiment was conducted with a laboratory-scale raceway pond to compare and validate the numerical results by using time-dependent water velocities. Microalgal cell wall shear stress, cell wall deformation, and von Misses stress in the raceway pond were investigated by considering the effects of aspect ratios, water depths, and paddle wheel rotational speeds. Results showed that the proposed numerical model can be used as a prerequisite method for the selection of appropriate turbulent mixing. Microalgal cell wall damage is high in shallow and narrow raceway ponds with high paddle rotational speeds.

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Section: Geometries Of the Raceway Pond And Microalgal Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Numerical Simulation and Mesh Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Structural Characteristics of Microalgal Cells Walls under the Influence of Turbulent Mixing Energy in Open Raceway Ponds

2018

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“…This study used a large-scale 3D raceway pond with a length (L) of 23 m and a channel width (W) of 2.25 m (Figure 1a). The 2D paddle wheel comprises six blades (0.55 m × 0.04 m) with a diameter of 0.6 m. The boundary-connected coupling technique was applied to import the flow effects of the 2D paddle wheel in the 3D raceway pond [24][25][26][27][28]. The Reynolds number (Re) based on hydraulic diameter (D h ) was utilized to characterize the flow in the raceway pond.…”

Section: Raceway Pondmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transport of diluted species interface of COMSOL-Multiphysics was utilized to simulate the concentration of nutrients in the raceway pond. A 2D paddle wheel was modeled and coupled with the 3D raceway pond using the boundary-connected coupling methodology to save the computational memory and time [24][25][26][27][28]. The 2D paddle wheel was simulated with the rotating machinery interface of the COMSOL-Multiphysics.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation and Mesh Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Euler-Euler numerical scheme is the most suitable choice to model the solid-liquid mixing in complex systems [21][22][23]. The Euler-Euler numerical scheme was used in our previous work [24,25] to model the gas-liquid flow mixing (air and CO 2 mixing in water) in the raceway pond. Moreover, numerous efforts were also made on the modeling of solid-liquid mixing in fluidized beds using the Euler-Euler numerical scheme [20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-Phase Flow Modeling of Solid Dissolution in Liquid for Nutrient Mixing Improvement in Algal Raceway Ponds

et al. 2018

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Achieving optimal nutrient concentrations is essential to increasing the biomass productivity of algal raceway ponds. Nutrient mixing or distribution in raceway ponds is significantly affected by hydrodynamic and geometric properties. The nutrient mixing in algal raceway ponds under the influence of hydrodynamic and geometric properties of ponds is yet to be explored. Such a study is required to ensure optimal nutrient concentrations in algal raceway ponds. A novel computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model based on the Euler-Euler numerical scheme was developed to investigate nutrient mixing in raceway ponds under the effects of hydrodynamic and geometric properties. Nutrient mixing was investigated by estimating the dissolution of nutrients in raceway pond water. Experimental and CFD results were compared and verified using solid-liquid mass transfer coefficient and nutrient concentrations. Solid-liquid mass transfer coefficient, solid holdup, and nutrient concentrations in algal pond were estimated with the effects of pond aspect ratios, water depths, paddle wheel speeds, and particle sizes of nutrients. From the results, it was found that the proposed CFD model effectively simulated nutrient mixing in raceway ponds. Nutrient mixing increased in narrow and shallow raceway ponds due to effective solid-liquid mass transfer. High paddle wheel speeds increased the dissolution rate of nutrients in raceway ponds.

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Microalgae Used to Fix CO2 as Valuable Biomass

Rodríguez,

Morillas-España

et al. 2024

Sustainable Development Goals Series

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Numerical prediction of heat transfer characteristics based on monthly temperature gradient in algal open raceway ponds

Cited by 16 publications

References 34 publications

Determination of the Structural Characteristics of Microalgal Cells Walls under the Influence of Turbulent Mixing Energy in Open Raceway Ponds

Determination of the Structural Characteristics of Microalgal Cells Walls under the Influence of Turbulent Mixing Energy in Open Raceway Ponds

Two-Phase Flow Modeling of Solid Dissolution in Liquid for Nutrient Mixing Improvement in Algal Raceway Ponds

Microalgae Used to Fix CO2 as Valuable Biomass

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