Numerical prediction on the erosion in the hearth of a blast furnace during tapping process

Improved CFD Model to Predict Flow and Temperature Distributions in a Blast Furnace Hearth

“…Since the natural convection-induced flow near the perimeter of the side walls influences the macroscopic flow, inflations with 2-mm-thick first layer (corresponding to y + of 0. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] are added to all solid boundaries. The mismatched grids between the meshes for the liquid and solid domains are connected via the general grid interface (GGI) attachment method.…”

“…Hence, temperatures calculated using models neglecting natural convection will agree well with measured temperatures. Chang et al [15] and Huang et al [14] modeled the China Steel Corporation's No. 2 BF hearth without natural convection and for a floating coke bed.…”

“…[11,14,15] Ohno et al [11] found good agreement between an expression based on experimental and numerical modeling and measured residence times of two BF hearths of Nippon Steel's Hirohata Works. Huang et al [14] and Chang et al [15] both neglected natural convection and established good validity of their models by good agreement between calculated temperature and measured thermocouple data of China Steel Corporation's No. 2 BF.…”

“…[2][3][4][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The capability of modeling has been improving, as high performance computation has become more readily available, allowing more accurate, and realistic flow predictions. In one of the early works, Yoshikawa and Szekely [9] conducted a 2D analysis to investigate the liquid iron distribution in a specific case with a floating coke bed and a closed taphole, using a simple axisymmetrical and a nonporous model.…”

“…Despite this observation, a number of investigators neglected natural convection in their models without sufficient justification, [11,12,14,15] and some even show good agreements with plant data, claiming the validity of their models. [11,14,15] Ohno et al [11] found good agreement between an expression based on experimental and numerical modeling and measured residence times of two BF hearths of Nippon Steel's Hirohata Works. Huang et al [14] and Chang et al [15] both neglected natural convection and established good validity of their models by good agreement between calculated temperature and measured thermocouple data of China Steel Corporation's No.…”