Numerical simulation and experimental validation of slag entrainment during tundish draining

Pirker, Stefan; Lechner, M.; Ernst, Gerald

doi:10.1179/136404609x367687

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Owing to the increasingly stringent quality requirements, many studies have investigated the equipment, process, and theoretical principles of continuous casting, particularly for the tundish, which is the final metallurgical element reactor [1][2][3][4][5][6]. To improve the removal of inclusions by the tundish, many flow control devices, such as the turbulence inhibitor, weir-dam, baffle with holes, and filter and gas-curtain device, have been developed to optimize the flow field, increase the residence time, and promote inclusions' removal [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal Mechanism of Microscale Non-Metallic Inclusions in a Tundish with Multi-Hole-Double-Baffles

Jin

Dong

et al. 2018

Metals

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To effectively remove microscale inclusions in the tundish, the Multi-Hole-Double-Baffles (MHDB), a novel flow control device in the tundish for continuous casting, was developed. The hole array mode of the MHDB will directly affect the trajectories of the inclusions. The effect and removal mechanism of the inclusions with sizes of 1 µm to 50 µm in the tundish with MHDB were studied by numerical simulation. The hole array mode of MHDB could affect the inclusions' trajectories and distribution, and the mechanism underlying the effect of the MHDB was investigated using the discrete phase model (DPM). A 1:2.5 physical model was built to verify the accuracy of numerical simulation. The results showed that micro-inclusions were primarily driven by the drag force exerted by the molten steel flow, micro-inclusion trajectories followed the molten steel streamlines almost exactly, but buoyancy still played a role in the removal of the micro-inclusions near the molten steel surface; the hole array mode affected the trajectories of the micro-inclusions and controlled and decelerated the flow of molten steel, increasing the residence time of the molten steel flow a the value that is 15 times larger than the theoretical value; and "upper-in-lower-out" type MHDB showed the most efficient removal of micro-inclusions, with the removal rate being increased by 13-49% compared to the removal rates for the other type MHDB. The results of numerical simulation were well verified by physical simulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal Mechanism of Microscale Non-Metallic Inclusions in a Tundish with Multi-Hole-Double-Baffles

Jin

Dong

et al. 2018

Metals

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“…Sometimes during CSC tundish flux is entrapped by vortex to liquid steel. Therefore, calculation of liquid steel level critical height and visualization of vortex appear phenomena should be performed . In recent years, to create rotational flow tundish is equipped with FCDs such as cylindrical chamber or external rotating electromagnetic field .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, calculation of liquid steel level critical height and visualization of vortex appear phenomena should be performed. [27,28] In recent years, to create rotational flow tundish is equipped with FCDs such as cylindrical chamber or external rotating electromagnetic field. [29,30] Also electromagnetic dam effectively control hydrodynamic conditions in the internal working space of tundish.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Physical Modeling of Liquid Steel Active Flow in Tundish with Subflux Turbulence Controller and Dam

Cwudziński

2013

steel research int.

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This paper presents the results of a computer simulation and laboratory experiments carried out to describe the hydrodynamics of steel active flow in the tundish. One of the parameters describing the correct influence of FCDs on the tundish operation is the description of the active flow zone (dispersed plug flow and well mixed volume flow). The facility under investigation is a single-nozzle tundish designed for casting concast slabs. Computer simulations of liquid steel flow were performed using the commercial program Ansys-Fluent. For the validation of the numerical model and verification of the hydrodynamic conditions occurring in the examined tundish furniture variants, obtained from the computer simulations, a physical model of the tundish was employed. During laboratory tests simulating the process of steel flowing through the tundish, E type RTD curves were recorded, which were then juxtaposed with results obtained from computer simulations. In order to obtain a complete hydrodynamic picture in the tundish furniture variants tested, the computer simulations were performed for both isothermal and non-isothermal conditions.

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“…Slag entrapment via vortex/sink onset has been treated in literature mainly referring to ladle drainage, but recently also examples focused on the tundish are shown 1–6. Two different and fundamental mechanisms were identified (Figure 1)5: the formation of a vortex, extending from the surface down to the corresponding exit, which can trap slag and embed it within a “flow” helix towards the strand, and the formation of a drain sink, at a very low fluid level, from which the surrounding fluids (steel and slag) are directly drained to the mould.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steel Thermo‐Fluid‐Dynamics at Tundish Drainage and Quality Features

Battaglia

Santis

Volponi

et al. 2012

steel research int.

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In steelmaking and casting, transient operations are very critical for product quality and process regularity. This holds especially for the tundish. Typical drawbacks can occur at ladle change, where, for example, refilling high flow rates induce flow short‐circuits risky for dispersed oxides (“inclusions”) dragging towards the strands. At drainage, vortices formation can affect steel cleanliness via slag entrapment. Such topics were investigated for an industrial tundish with computational fluid dynamics validated tools. The focus was given on a multi‐strand layout more prone to unevenness features. As a matter of fact, the different steel path to reach different strands causes often too high temperature differences and different strand cleanliness levels. Strands closer to the tundish center, are generally hotter and less clean; the others, slightly colder but cleaner. Multiphase models, together with advanced meshing techniques and validated boundary conditions, were used to describe tundish refilling and drainage. Within the operating conditions of concern, a bath height of 300 mm was found as a best compromise between the need of avoiding slag entrapment through vortices and to have maximum yield. Once applied into operating practice, no rejection for cleanliness or customer claims were achieved. As refers to temperature loss from ladle to tundish, a drop at strands of about 2 and of 4°C from tundish inlet to strand, in agreement with plant data over about 700 heats and literature experiments under the same operating conditions, were found.

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Numerical simulation and experimental validation of slag entrainment during tundish draining

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Removal Mechanism of Microscale Non-Metallic Inclusions in a Tundish with Multi-Hole-Double-Baffles

Removal Mechanism of Microscale Non-Metallic Inclusions in a Tundish with Multi-Hole-Double-Baffles

Numerical and Physical Modeling of Liquid Steel Active Flow in Tundish with Subflux Turbulence Controller and Dam

Steel Thermo‐Fluid‐Dynamics at Tundish Drainage and Quality Features

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