“…They act independently that it is possible to create two separate band gap regions, consequently broadening the total attenuation band. This analytical model has been previously proposed and validated by experimental results 10,11,26 and it is briefly presented here. Displacements of the Π-shaped unit cell or segment are given as 10 where the subscripts l and l stands for the left and right ends of the n -th segment at x n and xnr=xn+pnLd, respectively, where boldΛn,l=diag{e−ik(x−xn),e−k(x−xn),eik(x−xn),ek(x−xn)}, boldΛn,r=diag{e−ik(x−xnr),e−k(x−xnr),eik(x−xnr),ek(...…”