Numerical simulation for metal foam two-phase flow field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Bao, Zhiming; Niu, Zhiqiang; Jiao, Kui

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.086

Cited by 84 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Manso et al 124 stated that flow channel flooding prevalence is common when a couple of parallel channels are used as flow channels. In comparison, Bao et al 125 used metal foam to improve the water and gas transport within the fuel cell due to its porous structure through geometry representation and two‐phase techniques. Previous experimental and theoretical models have been taken into consideration.…”

Section: Water Management In Meamentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of gas diffusion layer properties and water management in proton exchange membrane fuel cell system

2020

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) can intensely lessen the emissions from the energy sector through environmentally friendly attributes. This evaluation paper summarizes the key additives of the PEMFC which are associated with water formation and delivery inside the cell. The gas diffusion layer (GDL) plays a key role in reactant gas diffusion and water control in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. This paper also reviews updated literature regarding various hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials used for the improvement of the GDL and overall PEMFC performance. A style of carbon and steel-based microporous substrates (MPS) and microporous layer (MPL) and their impact in GDL overall performance are provided. Materials' properties that affect the performance of the MPL consisting of pore sizes, porosity, and permeability are additionally reviewed. Visualization of water in the flow channel and techniques to understand the mechanism of flow is reported. The failure modes related to the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and typical PEMFC degradation are discussed. Prospects for development and addressing the water management and degradation of PEMFC through the exploration of further experimental and numerical studies are presented. Highlights • Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) can be a good candidate for several applications • The material property of the GDL influences the overall fuel performance • Water transport if not properly managed can cause poor performance and failure of the fuel cell • There is need to understand how the fuel cell failure is related to the

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Section: Water Management In Meamentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of gas diffusion layer properties and water management in proton exchange membrane fuel cell system

2020

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“…87 Nevertheless, the behavior of porous flow fields under flooding conditions is determined to have been slower water discharge when compared to the reference parallel flow field by Bao et al. 88 Furthermore, hydrophobicity of porous material is determined to be a requirement to avoid complete blockage of the pores. Nevertheless, new strategies on porous flow field usage are still under development with the use of different materials like hydrophilic, hydrophobic or in a combination of both.…”

Section: Advanced Flow Field Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell flow field designs and approaches for performance enhancement

Celik

Karagöz

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells are carbon-free electrochemical energy conversion devices that are appropriate for use as a power source on vehicles and mobile devices emerging with their high energy density, lightweight structure, quick startup and lower operating temperature capabilities. However, they need more developments in the aspects of reactant distribution, less pressure drops, precisely balanced water content and heat management to achieve more reliable and higher overall cell performance. Flow field development is one of the most important fields of study to increase cell performance since it has decisive effects on performance parameters, including bipolar plate, and thus fuel cell weight. In this study, recent developments on conventional flow field designs to eliminate their weaknesses and innovative design approaches and flow field architectures are obtained from patent databases, and both numerical and experimental scientific studies. Fundamental designs that create differences are introduced, and their effects on the performance are discussed with regard to origin, objective, innovation strategy of design besides their strength and probable open development ways. As a result, significant enhancements and design strategies on flow field designs in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells are summarized systematically to guide prospective flow field development studies.

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“…Niu et al 16 designed an innovative 3D cathode flow channel to improve the water removal on the surface of gas diffusion layer (GDL), and the validity of the innovative flow channel was verified by the VOF method. Bao et al 17 compared the single‐phase and two‐phase flow in metal foam and conventional parallel flow field, and the results indicated that the metal foam flow field could make a more uniform and convective‐to‐electrode gas flow. Furthermore, they studied the 3‐D fine mesh flow field and found that the air‐guidance effect of baffles is beneficial to the reactant transport 18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of water dynamics in a novel wettability gradient anode flow channel for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2020

Int J Energy Res

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The effective removal and transport of water in flow channels play an important role in the water management of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this paper, a novel design of anode serpentine flow channel with the wettability gradient wall is discussed and numerically investigated by utilizing the volume-of-fluid (VOF) method. The effects of the contact angle and the wettability gradient of channel walls, as well as hydrogen flow velocity and water droplet size, on the droplet dynamic behavior are studied. The results indicate that compared with the conventional flow channel, the water droplet can be more effectively removed from the turning part in the wettability gradient flow channel. And the water removal ability in the turning part is improved with the increase of the wettability gradient. Moreover, the wettability gradient flow channel can also improve the water removal performance for the cases with different hydrogen flow velocities and water droplet sizes. This study provides ideas for guiding the design of flow channel to effectively enhance anode water management.

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Numerical simulation for metal foam two-phase flow field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Cited by 84 publications

References 46 publications

A review of gas diffusion layer properties and water management in proton exchange membrane fuel cell system

A review of gas diffusion layer properties and water management in proton exchange membrane fuel cell system

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell flow field designs and approaches for performance enhancement

Numerical investigation of water dynamics in a novel wettability gradient anode flow channel for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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