“…Generally, numerical solution techniques are preferred when dealing with fractional models since the analytical solutions are only available for a few simple cases. During the last decade, extensive research has been carried out on the development of efficient numerical solutions for fractional partial differential equations, including finite difference methods [15][16][17][18][19][20], the finite volume method [21], the finite element method [22][23][24], and the spectral method [25,26]. In contrast to numerical methods for the integer-order partial differential equation, which usually generates a banded coefficient matrix, the finite difference discretization of the space-fractional model results in a linear system with a full, or dense, coefficient matrix.…”