Numerical simulation of all inorganic CsPbIBr₂ perovskite solar cells with diverse charge transport layers using DFT and SCAPS-1D frameworks

Abstract

All inorganic CsPbX3 perovskites (X = Br and I) are excellent candidates for stable and efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Among them, CsPbIBr2 demonstrated the most balanced characteristics in terms of band gap and stability. Nevertheless, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CsPbIBr2-based solar cells is still far from that of Hybrid PSCs, and more research is required in this aspect. Herein, DFT and SCAPS-1D frameworks are employed to explore the optimized device configurations of CsPbIBr2 PSCs. DFT is used to explore the structural and optoelectronic characteristics of CsPbIBr2, while SCAPS-1D is employed to examine various device structures of CsPbIBr2-based PSCs. The band structure demonstrated the direct band gap nature of CsPbIBr2 with a band gap of 2.12 eV. Moreover, we have used TiO2, SnO2, ZnO, WS2, IGZO, CeO2, In2S3, and CdS as ETLs, and Cu2O, CuI, MoO3, NiO, CuSCN, CuSbS2, CBTS, CFTS, and CuO as HTLs for identifying the best ETL/CsPbIBr2/HTL configurations. Among 72 device combinations, eight sets of PSCs are identified as the most efficient configurations. In addition, the influence of various parameters like the thickness of various layers, doping concentration, perovskite defect density, ETLs and interfaces, series resistances, shunt resistances, and temperature on device performance have been comprehensively studied. The results demonstrate Cu2O as the best HTL for CsPbIBr2 with each ETL, and PSC with device structure ITO/WS2/CsPbIBr2/Cu2O/C exhibited the highest PCE of 16.53%. This comprehensive investigation will provide new path for the development of highly efficient all-inorganic CsPbIBr2 solar cells.