“…However, when a barotropic relation is employed, then the gradients of density and pressure are always parallel, hence the baroclinic torque is zero. Nevertheless, many other researchers have applied this model with different barotropic laws, see Reboud & Delannoy [157], Hoeijmakers et al [95], Arndt et al [16], Coutier-Delgosha et al [44,47,45,46,48], Reboud et al [156], Qin [154] and Sinibaldi et al [183]. In appendix F a barotropic flow model developed in our group is described, see Veldhuis [207] and Koop et al [113].…”