Numerical simulation of debris-flow behavior incorporating a dynamic method for estimating the entrainment

Han, Zheng; Chen, Guangqi; Li, Yange; Tang, Chuan; Xu, Lingrong; He, Yi; Huang, Xun; Wang, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.02.009

Cited by 87 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Recent debris-flow modeling studies (Deubelbeiss et al, , 2011Han et al, 2015) have summarized that debris flows in steep channels are mostly triggered by the sudden destabilization of material originating from lateral bank collapses or dam-type deposits located within the channel itself. Han et al (2015) concluded that a hypothetical scenario such as the breaking of a dam -which they used to start their entrainment model simulations -provides a stable and consistent release method. Deubelbeiss et al ( , 2011, for a case study in the Swiss Alps, suggested that the block release method is the most appropriate method for small to moderate initial volumes ranging from 1 m 3 up to 100 m 3 using the RAMMS debris-flow model.…”

Section: Entrainment Model Starting Condition: Block Release and Inpumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most entrainment modeling studies have focused on the field site where the erosion data for the underlying entrainment modeling concept was collected and/or exclusively dealt with a single model application field site to test their concept for entrainment modeling (e.g., Han et al, 2015;Frank et al, 2015). Herein we describe the systematic application of the new RAMMS (Rapid Mass Movements) entrainmentbulking model (Frank et al, 2015) for several recent events in the Swiss Alps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the Rotlauigraben catchment (2005), about two-thirds of the total volume of 550 000 m 3 was eroded from the debris-flow fan during a multiple-surge debris-flow event initiated by the failure of a glacier moraine during an intense rainfall event (Scheuner et al, 2009). Therefore, the debris-flow entrainment and bulking process should be included in debris-flow runout models to increase the accuracy of runout predictions including not only the overall runout distance, location, and amplitude of lateral bank overflow but also -importantly for hazard assessment -the flow and depositional pattern on the fan (Gamma, 2000;Scheuner et al, 2009;Hussin et al, 2012;Han et al, 2015;Frank et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Debris-flow modeling at Meretschibach and Bondasca catchments, Switzerland: sensitivity testing of field-data-based entrainment model

Frank

McArdell

Oggier³

et al. 2017

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Debris-flow volumes can increase due to the incorporation of sediment into the flow as a consequence of channel-bed erosion along the flow path. This study describes a sensitivity analysis of the recently introduced RAMMS (Rapid Mass Movements) debris-flow entrainment model, which is intended to help solve problems related to predicting the runout of debris flows. The entrainment algorithm predicts the depth and rate of erosion as a function of basal shear stress based on an analysis of erosion measurements at the Illgraben catchment, Switzerland (Frank et al., 2015). Starting with a landslide-type initiation in the RAMMS model, the volume of entrained sediment was calculated for recent well-documented debris-flow events at the Bondasca and the Meretschibach catchments, Switzerland. The sensitivity to the initial landslide volume was investigated by systematically varying the initial landslide volume and comparing the resulting debris-flow volume with estimates from the field sites. In both cases, the friction coefficients in the RAMMS runout model were calibrated using the model, whereby the entrainment module was (1) inactivated to find plausible values for general flow properties by adjusting both coefficients (ξ and µ) and then (2) activated to further refine coefficient µ, which controls erosion (patterns). The results indicate that the model predicts plausible erosion volumes in comparison with field data. By including bulking due to entrainment in runout models, more realistic runout patterns are predicted in comparison to starting the model with the entire debris-flow volume (initial landslide plus entrained sediment). In particular, lateral bank overflow -not observed during these events -is prevented when using the sediment entrainment model, even in very steep (≈ 60-65 %) and narrow (4-6 m) torrent channels. Predicted sediment entrainment volumes are sensitive to the initial landslide volume, suggesting that the model may be useful for both reconstruction of historical events and the modeling of scenarios as part of a hazard analysis.

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Section: Entrainment Model Starting Condition: Block Release and Inpumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Debris-flow modeling at Meretschibach and Bondasca catchments, Switzerland: sensitivity testing of field-data-based entrainment model

Frank

McArdell

Oggier³

et al. 2017

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Promptly mapping the consequences of these events by determining the spatial extent and volume of eroded and deposited material, is highly relevant to scientists and practitioners, e.g. for numerical simulation modelling (Rickenmann et al, 2006;Han et al, 2015), process understanding (Theule et al, 2015;Pellegrino et al, 2015), and natural hazard management (Ballesteros Cánovas et al, 2016;Aronica et al, 2012). Conventional mapping techniques mostly require personnel to directly access the process area (catchment and valley floor), which is a hazardous or even impossible task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Debris Flow Volume Mapping With Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas) and Photogrammetric Techniques

Adams¹,

Fromm²,

Lechner³

2016

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:Debris flows cause an average € 30 million damages and 1-2 fatalities every year in Austria. Detailed documentation of their extent and magnitude is essential for understanding, preventing and mitigating these natural hazard events. The recent development of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) has provided a new possibility for on-demand high-resolution monitoring and mapping. Here, we present a study, where the spatial extent and volume of a large debris flow event were mapped with different UAS, fitted with commercial off-the-shelf sensors. Orthophotos and digital terrain models (DTM) were calculated using structure-from-motion photogrammetry software. Terrain height differences caused by the debris flow in the catchment and valley floor were derived by subtracting the pre-event airborne laser scanning (ALS) DTM from a post-event UAS-DTM. The analysis of the volumetric sediment budget showed, that approximately 265,000 m³ material was mobilised in the catchment, of which 45,000 m³ settled there; of the material, which reached the valley floor, 120,000 m³ was deposited, while another 10,000 m³ was eroded from there. The UASresults were validated against ALS data and imagery from a traditional manned-aircraft photogrammetry campaign. In conclusion, the UAS-data can reach an accuracy and precision comparable to manned aircraft data, but with the added benefits of higher flexibility, easier repeatability, less operational constraints and higher spatial resolution.

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“…In this method, a new entrainment rate model coupled with the momentum conservation equation satisfying the boundary jump condition was proposed. Han et al (2015) proposed a two-dimensional numerical model to simulate debris-flow behavior and the entrainment process. He also proposed a dynamic method to estimate the sediment entrainment rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Process Analysis and Hazard Prediction of Debris Flow in Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Area—A Case Study at Ridi Gully

Qiang

Zhou

et al. 2017

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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Numerical simulation of debris-flow behavior incorporating a dynamic method for estimating the entrainment

Cited by 87 publications

References 64 publications

Debris-flow modeling at Meretschibach and Bondasca catchments, Switzerland: sensitivity testing of field-data-based entrainment model

Debris-flow modeling at Meretschibach and Bondasca catchments, Switzerland: sensitivity testing of field-data-based entrainment model

High-Resolution Debris Flow Volume Mapping With Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas) and Photogrammetric Techniques

Dynamic Process Analysis and Hazard Prediction of Debris Flow in Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Area—A Case Study at Ridi Gully

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