Numerical simulation of electrospray in the cone-jet mode

Herrada, Miguel A.; Jm, López-Herrera; Am, Gañán-Calvo; Vega, E. J.; Montanero, J. M.; Popinet, Stéphane

doi:10.1103/physreve.86.026305

Cited by 95 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Liquid acceleration takes place principally on the outer layer or "skin" of the Taylor cone [55]. When the Taylor cone surface charge carriers accelerate, they transfer momentum to the inside liquid through a shearing stress.…”

Section: Ambient Gas Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The author also divides the total current into the skin current that flows along the Taylor cone skin and the bulk current that flows through a body of liquid. Gañan-Calvo et al's detailed model [55,[105][106][107][108] of total electrospray current is based on an extension of the classic work by Melcher and Warren [109][110][111][112] of the electric field surrounding the jet. The analysis leads to two limiting formulas for total electrospray current: one is for liquids of high conductivity and high viscosity [107]:…”

Section: Theories On Principles Of the Electrospray Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complicated flow patterns inside the Taylor cone disrupt the orderliness of liquid arrival and departure at the ES capillary exit and, thus, cause band broadening that thereby degrades the resolution of separations performed by liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis instruments interfaced to ES-MS detectors. Realistic photographs of the cone-jet spray mode (including motion inside the cone) are available in many publications, including those of Zeleny that date back to 1917 [39,40] as well as others [49,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67].…”

Section: Ambient Gas Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Perspective on Electrospray Ionization and Its Relation to Electrochemistry

Pozniak

Cole

2015

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A VAbstract. The phenomenon of electrospraying of liquids is presented from the perspective of the electrochemistry involved. Basics of current and liquid flow in the capillary and spray tip are discussed, followed by specifics of charging and discharging of the sprayed liquid surface. Fundamental theories and numerical modeling relating electrospray current to solution and spray parameters are described and then compared with our own experimentally obtained data. The method of mapping potentials and currents inside the electrospray capillary by using an inserted electrically-isolated small wire probe electrode is discussed in detail with illustrations from new and published data. Based on these experimentally obtained results, a new mathematical model is derived. The introduced "nonlinear resistor electrospray capillary model" divides the electrospray capillary into small sections, adds their contributions, and then, by transition to infinitely small section thickness, produces analytical formulas that relate current and potential maps to other properties of the electrospraying liquid: primarily conductivity and current density. The presentation of the model is undertaken from an elementary standpoint, and it offers the possibility to obtain quantitative information regarding operating parameters from typical analytical systems subjected to electrospray. The model stresses simplicity and ease of use; examples applying experimental data are shown and some predictions of the model are also presented. The developed nonlinear resistor electrospray capillary model is intended to provide a new quantitative basis for improving the understanding of electrochemical transformations occurring in the electrospray emitter. A supplemental material section gives full derivation of the model and discusses other consequences.

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Section: Ambient Gas Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theories On Principles Of the Electrospray Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ambient Gas Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Perspective on Electrospray Ionization and Its Relation to Electrochemistry

Pozniak

Cole

2015

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…As the injected flow rate decreases, this meniscus becomes a complex fluidic structure, which relies on the delicate balance between surface tension, viscosity, and electric forces [3,4]. The experiments show that there is a minimum value of the flow rate below which the cone-jet configuration becomes unstable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

On the use of hypodermic needles in electrospray

Rebollo-Muñnoz

Montanero

Gañán‐Calvo

2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract.We present an experimental analysis of electrospray where the standard feeding capillary was replaced with a hypodermic needle. Both the current intensity and the jet diameter were measured for a variety of leaky-dielectric liquids. The results obtained with a feeding capillary and a hypodermic needle of similar dimensions were compared. An increase of the liquid conductivity was measured by assuming that the electric current obeys the same scaling law in both configurations. That increase was likely due to the electrochemical reaction taking place in the needle tip.

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“…The chargeconservative EHD scheme deals with two-phase problems using the volume-of-fluid (VOF) method and the leaky dielectric model. The VOF EHD method was proved to have the capability to describe EHD problems with large deformations, such as electrospray in the cone-jet mode [30] and the droplet-jet transition of electrified pendant droplets [31].…”

Section: Numerical Simulation a Numerical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation and Interaction of Droplet Pairs in a Microchannel Under ac Electric Fields

Chen

Song

et al. 2015

Phys. Rev. Applied

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The deformation and interaction of a droplet pair in an electric field determine the success of droplet coalescence. Electric intensity and initial droplet separation are crucial parameters in this process. In this work, a combined theoretical and numerical analysis is performed to study the electrohydrodynamics of confined droplet pairs in a rectangular microchannel under ac electric fields. We develop a theoretical model to predict the relationship between critical electric intensity and droplet separation. A geometrical model relating the initial droplet separation to the cone angle is also established to determine the critical separation for partial coalescence. These models are validated by comparisons with existing experimental observations. According to the initial separation and electric intensity, five regimes of droplet interactions are classified by direct numerical simulations, namely noncoalescence, coalescence, partial coalescence, ejection after coalescence, and ejection with partial coalescence. According to their controlling mechanisms, the five regimes are distinguished by three well-defined boundaries. The detailed dynamics of the partial coalescence phenomenon is resolved when the droplet separation exceeds the critical value. A dynamic liquid bridge between the droplets is sustained by the competition between surface tension and electric stress. The dynamics of ejected microjets at the exterior ends are also addressed to show their responses to the oscillating electric field. The full understanding of the droplet dynamics under electric fields can be used to predict the droplet fusion behaviors and thus to facilitate the design of droplet-based microfluidic devices.

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Numerical simulation of electrospray in the cone-jet mode

Cited by 95 publications

References 40 publications

Perspective on Electrospray Ionization and Its Relation to Electrochemistry

Perspective on Electrospray Ionization and Its Relation to Electrochemistry

On the use of hypodermic needles in electrospray

Deformation and Interaction of Droplet Pairs in a Microchannel Under ac Electric Fields

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