Numerical Simulation of Global Scale Dispersion of Radioactive Pollutants from the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant

Kimura, Fujio; Yoshikawa, Tomoaki

doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.66.3_489

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The 6-hourly reanalysis data of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research [the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis dataset; Kalnay et al (1996)] were used for the initial and boundary conditions through a nudging technique that was applied only to the outer three grids of domain 1. For the reproduction of the ash transport from the Mount Asama eruption, a random-walk advection and dispersion model presented by Kimura and Yoshikawa (1988) was used to calculate the motion of a large num- ber of Lagrangian particles that were assumed to be the ash particles. The current version of this random-walk advection and dispersion model is designed to be able to use the TERC-RAMS-generated wind fields.…”

Section: Numerical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic Ash Transport from Mount Asama to the Tokyo Metropolitan Area Influenced by Large-Scale Local Wind Circulation

Tsunematsu

Nagai²,

Murayama

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The eruption of the Mount Asama volcano on 16 September 2004 produced an ash cloud and led to ashfall in the Tokyo metropolitan area that lies on the Kanto Plain. Satellite images showed the ash cloud drifting toward the south in the morning but to the southeast in the afternoon. An aerosol lidar and a ceilometer, installed in the metropolitan area, continuously observed the southeastward-transported ash particles passing at altitudes of 2.6-4.5 km above mean sea level (MSL) in the nighttime. Results of meteorological analyses and numerical experiments showed that the south-to-southeasterly sea breezes and valley winds prevailed at altitudes below 1.5 km MSL over the Kanto Plain in the afternoon and the compensatory return flow (CRF) was formed aloft at altitudes of 1.5-4.5 km MSL as strong northwesterly winds, which were encouraged by a synoptic wind. The numerical experiments also showed that the direction of the ash transport turned from the south to the southeast following the formation of the northwesterly CRF. This demonstrates that the daytime ash transport was influenced by the CRF. The nocturnal ash transport, however, depended on the intensified synoptic wind. Thus, in addition to synoptic winds, the large-scale local wind circulation prevailing over the Kanto Plain can determine the direction of ash transport originating from the Mount Asama volcano and increase the possibility of ashfall in the Tokyo metropolitan area.

show abstract

Section: Numerical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic Ash Transport from Mount Asama to the Tokyo Metropolitan Area Influenced by Large-Scale Local Wind Circulation

Tsunematsu

Nagai²,

Murayama

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The plus or minus sign of the right-hand side is chosen randomly for each particle, and each time step. The effect of horizontal turbulent diffusion appears to be much smaller than the indirect horizontal diffusion caused by vertical wind shear, and vertical turbulent diffusion (Kimura et al, 1988). We assumed that Kx and Ky are constant as Kx=K=10-5 deg2/sec in the present study, and this value corresponds to 105m2/sec.…”

Section: Outline Of the Etexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Its Evaluation of the MRI Long Range Transport Model for ATMES-II Phase of ETEX

Sato¹,

Sasaki²,

Adachi³

1999

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To predict the tracer cloud evolution in the European Tracer Experiment, two numerical simulation runs of air tracer dispersion are performed by using different meteorological input data. There are the global objective analyses, by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF), and by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). The simulated results are compared with each other, and evaluated statistically based on measured tracer concentration at specific sampling sites. The results of the statistical evaluation show that the predicted tracer cloud evolution, using the JMA analysis data, indicates a slightly better statistical score in the global and space dependent analyses, than the result by the ECMWF. The scores in the time dependent analysis show deferent values at every specific sampling sites, however, the averaged scores are slightly better for results by the ECMWF. It is difficult to discriminate synthetic superiority, and inferiority between both runs.It is inferred that the difference between both wind fields leads to different cloud evolution. The simulated tracer cloud evolution showed relatively good correspondence with measurements. Further references on the appropriate deposition velocity, and inclusion of precipitation process, are needed to get better correspondence with measurements.

show abstract

“…Vertical diffusion is important in the planetary boundary layer and near cumulous clouds and breaking gravity waves. Trajectory analysis with vertical diffusion was made by Kimura and Yoshikawa (1988) for radioactive pollutants from the Chernobyl nuclear plant and by Kai et al (1988) for the Asian dust storm (Kosa). In the free atmosphere, vertical diffusivity Kz is generally about 1 m2 s-1 or less, though its actual values and its distribution are not well known.…”

Section: Summary and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where Do Aerosol Particles in the Antarctic Upper Troposphere Come from?

Yamazaki¹,

Okada²,

Iwasaka

1989

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Elemental composition and features of individual aerosol particles collected on 25 January 1983 in the Antarctic upper troposphere of 7.2km altitude over Syowa Station (69*S) with use of an aircraft were examined by an electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer. Mineral-containing particles were dominant (74% by number) in aerosol particles of 0.1-1.6µm radius, indicating the global transport of particles from the eruption of El Chichon volcano (17*N) in April 1982. Modified sea-salt or halite particles were present in 6% of particles. Particles composed of only sulfate and/or sulfuric acid constituted in 15% and soot-like particles constituted 5%.

show abstract

Numerical Simulation of Global Scale Dispersion of Radioactive Pollutants from the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant

Cited by 20 publications

References 3 publications

Volcanic Ash Transport from Mount Asama to the Tokyo Metropolitan Area Influenced by Large-Scale Local Wind Circulation

Volcanic Ash Transport from Mount Asama to the Tokyo Metropolitan Area Influenced by Large-Scale Local Wind Circulation

Performance and Its Evaluation of the MRI Long Range Transport Model for ATMES-II Phase of ETEX

Where Do Aerosol Particles in the Antarctic Upper Troposphere Come from?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About