Numerical Simulation of Powder Spraying at the Bottom of Converter Based on Gas-liquid-solid Coupling Model

Abstract

In this work, the powder injection process at the bottom of the converter was numerically simulated by establishing a coupled gas-liquid-solid mathematical model. The effects of powder injection speed, solidgas ratio, particle size, and injection position on the trajectory and residence time of particles in the molten pool are studied. The discrete phase and continuous phase coupling solution method is used to analyze the change of the molten pool flow field after powder injection. It is found that increasing the spraying rate can reduce the particle concentration near the liquid surface from 2.3 kg/m 3 to 1.18 kg/m 3 . Increasing the solid-gas ratio from 10 kg/m 3 to 30 kg/m 3 can increase the powder distribution ratio from 70.9% to 93.1%. The larger the size of the particles, the easier it is to stay near the liquid level, and the maximum can reach 2.13 kg/m 3 . Finally, it was also found that spraying powder at 0.7 R can make the powder more uniformly distributed in the molten pool.

Enhanced Impingement Characteristics of Supersonic Oxygen Jets on Molten Bath Using a Multi-nozzle Oxygen Lance in a Converter

“…The gas-liquid phase interface, depicted by the brown area, is defined with the value of 0.5. It is evident that the velocity axis of each oxygen jet does not 𝛼 𝑔 16 align with the geometric axis of the nozzle hole but instead deflects towards the axis of the oxygen lance. This phenomenon is a result of the mutual mixing of several jets emitted by the oxygen lance nozzle, which hinders the immediate filling of other ambient gases into the central axis area of converter.…”

“…In recent years, with the rapid development and widespread usage of high-performance computers, 6 the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method has found increasing application in the study of industrial reactors. By employing this approach, a comprehensive analysis of the internal flow field becomes possible, leading to a deeper understanding of the intricate phenomena, which in turn facilitates process design and parameter control [14][15][16][17] . Via volume of fluid (VOF) model, Alam et al 18) numerically studied the flow pattern, surface behavior, and droplet generation rate in the impingement process of a shrouded supersonic jet impinging on the liquid bath.…”