Numerical simulation of proppant transport in a planar fracture. A study of perforation placement and injection strategy

Baldini, M; Carlevaro, C. Manuel; Pugnaloni, Luis A.; Sánchez, M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2018.08.005

Cited by 61 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Many researchers [7,11,28,30] studied the effects of various factors, including the proppant diameter, proppant density, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid, injection rate, and sand ratio on the proppant distribution and equilibrium height of the sand bank. However, they did not consider the effects of the interaction parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a high displacement is generally used during slickwater fracturing, turbulence is the normal state of sand-carrying fluid, which is accounted for by using the standard k-ε turbulence model [19,30,44]. Only the fluid phase is solved by the CFD code (Euler-Euler model) [30,45].…”

Section: Fluid Control Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The collisions between particle and particle or the boundaries are critical parts in the solid-liquid two-phase flow. In this paper, we apply the Hertz-Mindlin (no slip) model [30,47,48] to analyze the particle moving pattern.…”

Section: Particle Control Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discrete element method (DEM) [24] is a useful tool to simulate the behavior of particles, and it can be coupled with CFD to model the interaction between particles and the surrounding fluid. In recent years, the coupled CFD-DEM model was used to study fracturing fluid flow in fractures for its advantages of considering proppant-proppant, proppant-boundary, and proppant-fracturing fluid interactions [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Blyton et al [26] first used the coupled CFD-DEM model to simulate the motion of particles flowing with a fluid between fracture walls, and the simulations individually determined that particle trajectories such as particle-to-particle and particle-to-wall collisions occur.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Calibration of the Interaction Parameters between the Proppant and Fracture Wall and the Effects of These Parameters on Proppant Distribution

Liu

Zhang

2020

Energies

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Saltation and reputation (creep) dominate proppant transport rather than suspension during slickwater fracturing, due to the low sand-carrying capacity of the slickwater. Thus, the interaction parameters between proppants and fracture walls, which affect saltation and reputation, play a more critical role in proppant transport. In this paper, a calibration method for the interaction parameters between proppants and walls is built. A three-dimensional coupled computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM) model is established to study the effects of the interaction parameters on proppant migration, considering the wall roughness and unevenly distributed diameters of proppants. The simulation results show that a lower static friction coefficient and rolling friction coefficient can result in a smaller equilibrium height of the sand bank and a smaller build angle and drawdown angle, which is beneficial for carrying the proppant to the distal end of the fracture. The wall roughness and the unevenly distributed diameter of the proppants increase the collision between proppant and proppant or the wall, whereas the interactions have little impact on the sandbank morphology, slightly increasing the equilibrium height of the sandbank. low-viscosity fluid. Moreover, experiments on proppant transport in fracture networks [10,12,13] were mostly carried out to answer the debatable question of whether slickwater can transport proppants into secondary fractures or not. In addition to experimental research, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods were widely used to study proppant transport in fractures. The most common approach for modeling proppant transport is the Eulerian-Eulerian method in which the interaction between the particles and fluid is fully coupled [14][15][16][17][18][19]. In a recent study, Han et al. [20] used the Eulerian granular model to track proppant movement in various fractures for a better understanding of how proppant transport is influenced by fracture viscosity, proppant density, and pump rate. The second method is the Eulerian-Lagrangian model, which tracks individual particle movement with time and location with the Lagrangian framework and describes fluid flow with the Eulerian framework [21][22][23]. The discrete element method (DEM) [24] is a useful tool to simulate the behavior of particles, and it can be coupled with CFD to model the interaction between particles and the surrounding fluid. In recent years, the coupled CFD-DEM model was used to study fracturing fluid flow in fractures for its advantages of considering proppant-proppant, proppant-boundary, and proppant-fracturing fluid interactions [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Blyton et al. [26] first used the coupled CFD-DEM model to simulate the motion of particles flowing with a fluid between fracture walls, and the simulations individually determined that particle trajectories such as particle-to-particle and particle-to-wall collisions occur. Zhang et al. [28] used a two-dimensional coupled CFD-DEM model to study ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fluid Control Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Particle Control Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calibration of the Interaction Parameters between the Proppant and Fracture Wall and the Effects of These Parameters on Proppant Distribution

Liu

Zhang

2020

Energies

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“…Previous numerical studies of proppant transport can be readily found in the existing literature [135,136,137,138]. With improved computational resources becoming more widely available, more DEM-based studies are being published.…”

Section: Chaptermentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of conjugate heat transfer and temperature-dependent viscosity in non-Brownian suspensions with application to hydraulic fracturing

McCullough¹

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Particle suspensions are relevant in a number of scientific and engineering fields, where they can occur at a wide range of scales. Examples of these include blood flow, flood debris, crystal formation, mineral processing plants and pharmaceutical production. One particular application occurs within the hydraulic fracturing process used in the oil and gas industry. Here, a fracturing fluid with a solid proppant component (typically sand) is pumped into a reservoir to increase low permeability. The fluid pressure fractures the reservoir allowing transport of proppant within the rock. On removal of the fluid, the proppant prevents the closure of fractures leading to increased reservoir permeability and enhanced production of hydrocarbons. To meet ongoing demand for fossil fuels, a growing number of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs are being exploited. One example of this is the coal seam gas industry that has emerged in Queensland, Australia. To facilitate continuing improvement of the hydraulic fracturing performance, the ongoing development of modelling techniques to better understand the physical processes occurring during a treatment is an important goal. The performance of a hydraulic fracturing treatment depends on the physical properties (e.g. density, viscosity) of the fluid to transport the proppant throughout the fracture network and maximise the permeability of the reservoir. Temperature variations from the surface to the reservoir, via the well, can alter these properties and result in unexpected performance of a fracturing operation. Current

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Numerical Simulation of Proppant Transport in Hydraulic Fractures of Conglomerate Reservoirs Based on Multi-phase Particle-in-Cell Method

Wen,

Zhang,

Tang

et al. 2023

Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering

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Numerical simulation of proppant transport in a planar fracture. A study of perforation placement and injection strategy

Cited by 61 publications

References 52 publications

Calibration of the Interaction Parameters between the Proppant and Fracture Wall and the Effects of These Parameters on Proppant Distribution

Calibration of the Interaction Parameters between the Proppant and Fracture Wall and the Effects of These Parameters on Proppant Distribution

Numerical investigation of conjugate heat transfer and temperature-dependent viscosity in non-Brownian suspensions with application to hydraulic fracturing

Numerical Simulation of Proppant Transport in Hydraulic Fractures of Conglomerate Reservoirs Based on Multi-phase Particle-in-Cell Method

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