Numerical Simulation of Recirculating Flow and Physical Model of Slag–Metal Behavior in an RH Reactor: Application to Desulfurization

Peixoto, Johne Jesus Mol; Gabriel, Weslei Viana; Oliveira, Thiago Araújo Santos de; Silva, Carlos Antônio da; Silva, Itavahn Alves da; Seshadri, Varadarajan

doi:10.1007/s11663-018-1355-z

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The circulation rate estimated by the herein described numerical procedure is in accordance with the Kuwabara equation, see previous article by Peixoto et al (2018), which is a good indicator for a similar flow pattern in the prototype and models. Moreover, the oil added in the vacuum chamber is dragged to the ladle and virtually all oil is floated to the top layer.…”

Section: Desulfurization Kinetic Modelsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Some steel desulfurization models, which take into consideration addition of CaO-Al 2 O 3 -(CaF 2 ) based materials in the vacuum chamber do forecast good de-S results (Van Der Knoop et al, 1996;Zulhan et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2014). However, some of them assume that the added slag remains in the chamber during the degassing treatment which, according to Peixoto et al (2018) and Dai et al (2020), using physical and numerical modeling, should not occur.…”

Section: Thymol Mass Transfer In An Oil-aqueous Solution Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steel desulfurization on RH degasser: physical and mathematical modeling

et al. 2022

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Due to the high-quality steel demand, especially for ultra-low Sulfur steel, RH desulfurization has been practiced. Based on this, mathematical and physical modeling have been applied to study steel desulfurization by reagent addition in the RH degasser vacuum chamber. The main result of cold modeling, using water and oil emulating steel and slag, respectively, was to assess the influence of density difference between the continuous and disperse phases on oil droplet behavior. It is shown that its flow tends to be more restricted near the down snorkel when the density difference increases. Moreover, these results provide the basis for CFD modeling validation, which enabled the determination of slag drop residence time inside steel on RH and the average value of the rate of dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy inside the RH ladle. These two parameters were used to develop a kinetic model, which reaches a good agreement with industrial trial results available in literature. The optimum desulfurization degree of 31.44% was achieved for a gas flow rate of 90 Nm 3 /h, according to the kinetic model. This value can be useful in some steel grade production, where the required S content is less than 10 ppm. Even in common steel grade production, if some punctual chemical adjustment is necessary, this technique is also useful. The main kinetic parameter for steel desulfurization is the steel circulation rate. For best results, it should be reduced in the desulfurization stage, and after that, the normal operation can be resumed, so that the production cycle is not affected.

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Section: Desulfurization Kinetic Modelsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Thymol Mass Transfer In An Oil-aqueous Solution Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steel desulfurization on RH degasser: physical and mathematical modeling

et al. 2022

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“…Table I summarizes the typical computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based studies from the literature in the last two decades, including the quasi-single phase model, [10][11][12] mixture model, [13,14] coupling of discrete phase model (DPM) and volume of fluid (VOF), [15][16][17][18][19] and Eulerian model. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Based on these mathematical models, very promising results have been produced in terms of the gas plume structure, melt circulation rate, mixing time, and interfacial behavior, and the industrial practices have therefore been optimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic Modeling of Two-Phase Flow in the Industrial Ruhrstahl–Heraeus Degasser: Effect of Bubble Expansion Models

Chen

2021

Metall Mater Trans B

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In an industrial Ruhrstahl-Heraeus (RH) degasser, gas bubbles can expand rapidly due to heating by the melt as well as to the significant pressure drop when they rise in the melt. A suitable model for the bubble expansion is, therefore, essential for the accurate numerical prediction of argon-melt hydrodynamics in an RH degasser. This study focuses on the evaluation and comparison of different bubble expansion models available in the literature based on a coupled computational fluid dynamics-population balance model. The simulation results show that compared with the measured results, the modified Szekely-Martins model demonstrates the suitability for treating the bubble expansion behavior and thereby simulating the argon-melt hydrodynamics in an industrial RH degasser. The flow field and bubble expansion, breakup, and coalescence phenomena are then investigated.

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“…The Ruhrstahl-Heraeus (RH) process was developed for degassing, decarbonization, efficient alloying, inclusion removal, and rapid homogenization of the molten steel, and now it is widely used to achieve high cleanliness for the industrial manufacture of high-quality manganese steels [9,10]. In this process, the complex reactions among molten steel, gas, inclusions, and refractory make it difficult to precisely control the final steel composition, caused by fluctuations in alloying elements; yields [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metals 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 10 to achieve high cleanliness for the industrial manufacture of high-quality manganese steels [9,10]. In this process, the complex reactions among molten steel, gas, inclusions, and refractory make it difficult to precisely control the final steel composition, caused by fluctuations in alloying elements; yields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatilization Behavior of Manganese from Molten Steel with Different Alloying Methods in Vacuum

Chu

Bao

2020

Metals

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The volatilization loss of manganese during the vacuum smelting process is one of the key factors that determines the manufacturing cost and quality of manganese steel. In this study, the laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations were performed to investigate volatilization behavior of manganese from molten steels with different alloying methods in vacuum process. Based on the thermodynamic analysis, with the increase of manganese content, the partial vapor pressure of the manganese component increased, resulting in manganese being easily volatilized from molten steel. The carbon content in the steel shows an evident influence on partial vapor pressure of manganese component, and a higher carbon content in steel leads to a lower partial vapor pressure of manganese, but it not influenced by the silicon content. Compared with the alloying method of high carbon ferromanganese, the volatilization loss of manganese in the alloying method of silicon manganese presents faster decay, agreeing well with the thermodynamic analysis. Besides, the volatile fraction generated in the alloying method of high-carbon ferromanganese is composed of a large amount of MnO nanorods with a lateral length approximately 500 nm and a small number of Mn3O4/Mn nanoparticles with a diameter less than 500 nm. Additionally, the volatile fraction generated in the alloying method of silicon manganese shows Mn3O4 nanoparticles as the main phase. It can be inferred that the existence of the manganese oxide phase is attributed to the high chemical activity of nanoscale particles within air.

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Numerical Simulation of Recirculating Flow and Physical Model of Slag–Metal Behavior in an RH Reactor: Application to Desulfurization

Cited by 28 publications

References 23 publications

Steel desulfurization on RH degasser: physical and mathematical modeling

Steel desulfurization on RH degasser: physical and mathematical modeling

Hydrodynamic Modeling of Two-Phase Flow in the Industrial Ruhrstahl–Heraeus Degasser: Effect of Bubble Expansion Models

Volatilization Behavior of Manganese from Molten Steel with Different Alloying Methods in Vacuum

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