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In this paper, we studied the diffusion characteristics and distribution patterns of gas leakage in soil from buried natural gas pipelines. The three-dimensional simulation model of buried natural gas pipeline leakage was established using Fluent software. Monitoring points of gas leakage mole fraction were set up at different locations, and the influence of buried depth and pressure factors on the mole fraction and diffusion of leaked gas was analyzed. Additionally, a leakage pressure drop test of the buried natural gas pipeline was carried out. The results show that the CH 4 gas mole fraction curve at 0.03 m and 0.05 m below the leakage point fluctuates sharply during the second to third second of leakage, with the CH 4 gas mole fraction fluctuating by about 7%. The buried depth has the greatest influence on CH 4 in the leakage point range of 0.05 m, with the CH 4 gas mole fraction above and below the leakage hole differing by nearly 10 times in numerical value. As the buried pipeline depth increases, the pressure drop of the monitoring points at 0.1 m, 0.2 m, 0.3 m, 0.4 m, and 0.5 m is 27.64%, 24.02%, 21.52%, 17.65%, and 17.11%, respectively. In the x-axis direction, CH 4 gas presents a U-shaped diffusion in the soil, and after leaking for 200 s, CH 4 gas diffused to the top of the pipeline. The errors of the finite element numerical solution and the experimental values of the leakage pressure drop curve of the buried natural gas pipeline under four working conditions are 5.9%, 5.5%, 5.2%, and 5.0%, which are all within the allowable range. The accuracy of the finite element calculation results and the reliability of the test are verified. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-024-82794-w.
In this paper, we studied the diffusion characteristics and distribution patterns of gas leakage in soil from buried natural gas pipelines. The three-dimensional simulation model of buried natural gas pipeline leakage was established using Fluent software. Monitoring points of gas leakage mole fraction were set up at different locations, and the influence of buried depth and pressure factors on the mole fraction and diffusion of leaked gas was analyzed. Additionally, a leakage pressure drop test of the buried natural gas pipeline was carried out. The results show that the CH 4 gas mole fraction curve at 0.03 m and 0.05 m below the leakage point fluctuates sharply during the second to third second of leakage, with the CH 4 gas mole fraction fluctuating by about 7%. The buried depth has the greatest influence on CH 4 in the leakage point range of 0.05 m, with the CH 4 gas mole fraction above and below the leakage hole differing by nearly 10 times in numerical value. As the buried pipeline depth increases, the pressure drop of the monitoring points at 0.1 m, 0.2 m, 0.3 m, 0.4 m, and 0.5 m is 27.64%, 24.02%, 21.52%, 17.65%, and 17.11%, respectively. In the x-axis direction, CH 4 gas presents a U-shaped diffusion in the soil, and after leaking for 200 s, CH 4 gas diffused to the top of the pipeline. The errors of the finite element numerical solution and the experimental values of the leakage pressure drop curve of the buried natural gas pipeline under four working conditions are 5.9%, 5.5%, 5.2%, and 5.0%, which are all within the allowable range. The accuracy of the finite element calculation results and the reliability of the test are verified. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-024-82794-w.
In this work, we analyze non-Darcy two-component single-phase isothermal flow in naturally fractured tight gas reservoirs. The model is applied in a scenario of enhanced gas recovery (EGR) with the possibility of carbon dioxide storage. The properties of the gases are obtained via the Peng–Robinson equation of state. The finite volume method is used to solve the governing partial differential equations. This process leads to two subsystems of algebraic equations, which, after linearization and use of an operator splitting method, are solved by the conjugate gradient (CG) and biconjugate gradient stabilized (BiCGSTAB) methods for determining the pressure and fraction molar, respectively. We include inertial effects using the Barree and Conway model and gas slippage via a more recent model than Klinkenberg’s, and we use a simplified model for the effects of effective stress. We also utilize a mesh refinement technique to represent the discrete fractures. Finally, several simulations show the influence of inertial, slippage and stress effects on production in fractured tight gas reservoirs.
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