Numerical Simulation of Ski-Jump Hydraulic Behavior

Flow Pressure Behavior Downstream of Ski Jumps

“…One may observe that the hPMt/h0 magnitude varies in the range of 1.27 to 25.35 and increases with F0. Figure 9 also clarifies that the correlation lines for β = 10°, 20°, and 30° (Equations (16)- (18)) have a similar behavior in a very wide range of hPMt/h0, while as for the remaining case, i.e., β = 40° (Equation (19)), a considerable large variation of F0 occurs in a small range of hPMt/h0. This finding may suggest that for bucket angles β < 30° and for a certain value of F0, the bucket angle itself may induce a greater dynamic pressure head.…”

“…Accordingly, y U and y L represent the upper and lower jet trajectories. Previous studies [15,18,19] indicated that the takeoff angles of the lower and upper boundaries vary with the relative bucket curvature and the bucket deflection angle and that the takeoff angles are almost identical to the deflection angles only for the case of small relative curvature. Overall, the comparison between the data of previous studies and those resulting from the present study is [18] versus the computed values in the present study (symbols); (b) lower jet trajectory: (-) calculated with Equation (7) in [15] versus the computed values in the present study (symbols).…”

“…Previous studies [15,18,19] indicated that the takeoff angles of the lower and upper boundaries vary with the relative bucket curvature and the bucket deflection angle and that the takeoff angles are almost identical to the deflection angles only for the case of small relative curvature. Overall, the comparison between the data of previous studies and those resulting from the present study is satisfactory, showing that the numerical scheme of this investigation is able to solve the considered flow cases accurately.…”

“…In Ref. [18,19], a numerical procedure was conducted to analyze different aspects of this subject: the hydraulic behavior of ski jumps was investigated by means of the OpenFOAM ® digital library and by following formulations of a RANS approach. Results were compared to those obtained experimentally by Ref.…”

“…presents correlating lines between F0 values and nondimensional maximum dynamic pressure heads acting on the tailwater zone of the ski jump flow with R = 0.10 m. Note that the maximum pressure head value acting on tailwater region hPMt is normalized with the approaching flow depth h0. FromFigure 9, the following formulas are derived: F0 = 0.275(hPMt/h0) + 3.384(16) valid for R = 0.10 m, β = 10°, 3 ≤ F0 ≤ 10 and 1.27 ≤ hPMt/h0 ≤ 24.48, with a coefficient of determination r 2 = 0.916; F0 = 0.326(hPMt/h0) + 1.854(17) valid for R = 0.10 m, β = 20°, 3 ≤ F0 ≤ 10 and 5.455 ≤ hPMt/h0 ≤ 25.35, with a coefficient of determination r 2 = 0.971; F0 = 0.339(hPMt/h0) + 1.746(18) valid for R = 0.10 m, β = 30°, 3 ≤ F0 ≤ 10 and 3.71 ≤ hPMt/h0 ≤ 24.68, with a coefficient of determination r 2 = 0.981; and F0 = 0.760(hPMt/h0) − 1.023(19) …”