Numerical simulation of steel quenching

Smoljan, Božo

doi:10.1007/s11665-002-0011-5

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…8,9) With the aid of commercial software MSC.Marc and its user-defined subroutines, the temperature variations in 12 mm plates during different Q-P-T processes were calculated by using computer simulation based on a temperature-phase transformation field coupled three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear finite element method (FEM) analysis. [13][14][15] Then, the mechanical properties of the samples subjected to the above Q-P-T processes were tested. Two optimized Q-P-T processes for 12 mm plates were determined combined with the results of computer simulation and mechanical properties, and the calculated cooling curves of these two Q-P-T processes were shown in Figs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on High Strength Hot-rolled Plates by Quenching-partitioning-tempering Process Suitable for Engineering

et al. 2011

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Designed Fe-0.25C-1.5Mn-1.2Si-1.5Ni-0.05Nb (mass%) hot-rolled plates with different thicknesses are subjected to a novel quenching-partitioning-tempering (Q-P-T) process suitable for engineering with water quenching followed by salt bath tempering or water quenching followed by air cooling. A passing underwater quenching equipment (PUQE) is specially designed for realization of the Q-P-T process suitable for engineering. The tensile results show that the Q-P-T samples exhibit both high yield strength of over 900 MPa and elongation of over 15%. Microstructural characterization indicates that the high strength is attributed to the dislocation-type lath martensite or bainite and the dispersively distributed NbC-carbides in the martensite matrix, and the adequate elongation results from the flake-like retained austenite between martensite laths. In addition, effects of the retained austenite in Q-P-T steels on mechanical properties and the feasibility of Q-P-T processes for engineering industry applications are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on High Strength Hot-rolled Plates by Quenching-partitioning-tempering Process Suitable for Engineering

et al. 2011

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“…This multiphase model for steel quenching produces heat transfer rates that are dependent not only on wall temperature, but also on others variables such as local flow velocity, vapor fraction and fluid temperature. In order to assess the variations that can be obtained by adopting this model, numerical results are compared against a typical heat transfer coefficient dependent only on wall temperature h(T w ) obtained from a Jominy test with oil [9]. A comparison of heat transfer coefficients from each approach (h = q w /(T w − T l ) for numerical results) is presented in Fig.…”

Section: Heat Transfer and Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, these two sub-problems strongly rely on an accurate description of the temperature evolution inside the piece. The thermal problem is usually solved taken a very rough description of heat exchanged to the cooling media [7,8,9]. The most precise models usually consider just a heat transfer coefficient dependent on wall temperature (h(T w )) to describe all the stages of cooling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most precise models usually consider just a heat transfer coefficient dependent on wall temperature (h(T w )) to describe all the stages of cooling. This approach relies on experimental data obtained from configurations different to the modeled ones (for instance, a Jominy test, [7,8,9]) and is completely independent on local flow conditions such as flow velocity, bath temperature and vapor fraction. Improvement of current techniques was performed in [10] where the effect of different boiling modes is incorporated by means of a set of correlations formulated for water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermo-Fluid-Dynamics Quenching Model: Effect on Material Properties

Passarella¹,

L-Cancelos²,

Vieitez³

et al. 2014

Proceedings of 10th World Congress on Computational Mechanics

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Abstract.A fully-coupled model of quenching by submerging for steel workpieces is presented. The model includes cooling of the piece due to piece-to-bath heat transfer calculations by solving the multiphase problem of an evaporable fluid, as well as the corresponding metallurgical transformations, the generation of residual stresses and associated geometrical distortions. The heat transfer model takes into account different boiling stages, from film boiling at very high workpiece surface temperatures, to single-phase convection at surface temperatures below saturation. The evolution and activation of each heat transfer mechanism depend on the dynamics of the vapor-liquid multiphase system of the quenching bath. The multiphase flow was modeled using the drift-flux mixture model, including an equation of conservation of energy of the liquid phase. Metallurgical transformations, geometrical distortions and residual stresses at the end of the process, are obtained based on the different cooling rates along the piece. The final distribution of metallurgical phases is obtained by the integration of the thermal evolution and using information of the CCT diagrams of studied steels. The analysis of deformations and residual stresses takes into account elasto-plasticity (without viscosity effects), transformation induced plasticity and hardening restoring phenomena. Comparison of results considering the approach presented here versus a simplified heat transfer model indicates that the level of induced residual stresses are noticeable different implying the necessity of developing a more precise heat transfer quenching model.

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“…Quenching is physically one of the most complex processes in engineering and very difficult to understand. Quenching used to be called black hole of heat treatment processes [1]. Most of the metallic parts have to be quenched after the thermal treatment processes to obtain the required properties such as hardness, micro-structure, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distortion and Residual Stresses during Metal Quenching Process

Nallathambi

Kaymak

Specht

et al.

Micro-Macro-Interaction

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Abstract. Quenching is a complex thermo-mechano-metallurgical problem. During the quenching process, transient heat conduction, metallic phase transformations, and plastic behaviour of the metals introduce high residual stresses and distortions. This article presents the mathematical formulation of the physics behind the quenching process, numerical techniques and optimum of cooling strategies for the selected geometries. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to solve the coupled partial differential equations in the framework of an isothermalstaggered approach. Coupling effects such as phase transformation enthalpy, transformationinduced plasticity and dissipation are considered. Numerical examples are presented for an L profile made up of 100Cr6 steel.

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Numerical simulation of steel quenching

Cited by 28 publications

References 2 publications

Investigation on High Strength Hot-rolled Plates by Quenching-partitioning-tempering Process Suitable for Engineering

Investigation on High Strength Hot-rolled Plates by Quenching-partitioning-tempering Process Suitable for Engineering

Thermo-Fluid-Dynamics Quenching Model: Effect on Material Properties

Distortion and Residual Stresses during Metal Quenching Process

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