Numerical Simulation of Steel Target Penetration by Shaped Charge Distended Jet with a High-Polymer Liner

Abstract

This study investigates the characteristics o f shaped charge je t form ed with a high-polymer (PTFE) liner, as well as its penetration capabilities, by theoretical, experimental, and numerical methods. This work presents a viscoplastic model and equation o f compressible flu id to describe the je t cohesive condition. It also shows that the high-polymer je t is inevitably distended. Two types o f liner materials were studied: a high-polymer PTFE liner and a pure copper one. The corresponding numerical simulations o f the two je t formations are presented. The pulse X-ray photographic technology was employed to observe the distended je t o f the PTFE liner and the particulate je t o f the copper one. The simulation and je t radiography results show that the two types o f je t behavior with particulate and radial dispersion are ductile and related to the liner material. The distended je t formation result from the liner material was crushed at the high-pressure region because a sudden pressure jum p induces the radial velocity rise, which results in lateral expansion. As compared with a typical copper penetration performance, the polymer distended je t had a larger aperture and lower penetration depth. Due to polymer liner lower density, this je t will have limited penetration as compared to that o f a copper liner. The simulated results strongly agree with the experimental ones. The polymer material can be modified to obtain much better performance, which will greatly enhance the penetration capacity o f polymer jets. K e yw o rd s: explosive m echanics, shaped charge, high-polym er, jet. In tro d u c tio n . To produce longer and m ore stable jets, designers have used m etal liner m aterials because m etals have h igh density, high sound speed, good therm al conductivity, high dynam ic fracture elongation properties, low viscosity, and low com pression properties. These are necessary conditions for the form ation of cohesive and stable jets. M o st research about m etal je ts describe hom ogeneous dense m etal m aterials th at form the jet, and the penetration process through the constant ideal incom pressible fluid th eo ry and quasi ideal incom pressible theory; this research is relatively m ature. H ow ever, w ith the developm ent o f n ew m aterials, techniques, designs, and protective devices (com posite, reactive, electro m agnetic, and intelligent arm ors), there is a need for additional research. M oreover, the superior protection ability o f the new protective devices challenges the traditional anti arm or w eapons. C onsidering these factors, the im provem ent o f dam age perform ance o f arm or-piercing w eapons has becom e a research focus in recent years. C urrently, research on liner m aterial is divided into three categories: pure metal, m ultiphase com posite m aterial, and non-m etal m aterial. Pure m etal liners are m ainly produced from Cu, N i, M o, W, and Ta [1], w hile m ultiphase com posite ones involve W -C u , R e -C u , and T a-C u [2]. C ow an and B ourne [3] studied oxide glasses as s...

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