“…It has been reported that bubble motion is mainly governed by the vortical flows; hence, the important canonical problem of the interaction between the bubbles and the vortical flow is often used to discover the characteristics of bubbly two-phase flows. Vortical flows can be idealized, such as Taylor–Green vortex (Druzhinin and Elghobashi, 1998; Ferrante and Elghobashi, 2007), Taylor–Couette (Chouippe et al , 2014), Lamb–Oseen vortex (Oweis et al , 2005) and Taylor vortex (Deng et al , 2006), and natural phenomena of fluid dynamics of vortex rings (Bergdorf et al , 2007; Cihonski et al , 2013; Finn et al , 2011; Sridhar and Katz, 1999; Uchiyama and Kusamichi, 2013; Uchiyama and Yoshii, 2015; Wang et al , 2013).…”