Numerical Simulation of Thermal Field and Performance Study on H13 Die Steel-Based Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Abstract

In order to explore the relationship between welding thermal cycles and the thermal field during the repair process of dies, a numerical simulation software (SYSWELD) was employed to construct a thermo-mechanical coupled model. The influence of various inter-layer cooling times was investigated on heat accumulation, residual stress, and deformation of the repaired component. The results showed that the numerical simulation results agreed well with experimental data. The temperature within the cladding layer gradually rose as the number of weld beads increased, leading to a more pronounced accumulation of heat. The residual stress exhibited a double-peak profile, where the deformation of the repaired component was large at both ends but small in the middle. The less heat was accumulated in the cladding layer with a prolonged cooling time. Meanwhile, the residual stress and deformation in the repaired component experienced a gradual decrease in magnitude. The numerical simulation results demonstrated that the microstructure of the repaired component predominantly consisted of martensite and residual austenite at the optimal cooling time (300 s). Furthermore, the microhardness and wear resistance of the cladding zone significantly surpassed those of the substrate. In conclusion, this study suggested the prolonged cooling time mitigated heat accumulation, residual stress, and deformation in repaired components, which provided a new direction for future research on the die steel repairments.

Evaluation of Austenitic Stainless Steel ER308 Coating on H13 Tool Steel by Robotic GMAW Process

“…However, for a more detailed analysis, Figure 8a shows the microstructure at the interface for coating C1, highlighting the presence of martensite and austenite. Prior research has found that high Ni and Mo content stabilizes austenite during solidification, leading to the formation of austenite [63]. Martensite formation at the interface zone is attributed to factors such as the cooling rate during solidification of the weld pool [64][65][66].…”

Hot Work Mold Repaired via Hot Isostatic Pressing towards High Red Hardness

“…The automobile, electronics, aerospace, energy, defense, and other diverse industries all rely on hot work molds [1][2][3][4]. Hot work molds are susceptible to wear, corrosion, and fatigue cracking as a result of their highly complex processing, lengthy production cycles, and high costs [5][6][7]. Businesses will suffer significant financial losses and contribute significantly to industrial resource waste if the failed molds are immediately thrown away.…”