Numerical simulation of under-ventilated liquid-fueled compartment fires with flame extinction and thermally-driven fuel evaporation

Vilfayeau, S.; Ren, Nanqi; Wang, Y.; Trouvé, Arnaud

doi:10.1016/j.proci.2014.05.072

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Available models used to describe flame extinction in fire problems are based on the concepts of a critical flame temperature [1,2] or a critical flame Damköhler number [3][4][5][6][7]. Models based on the concept of a critical flame temperature choose to ignore the importance of chemical time scales and are not consistent with known laminar flame phenomenology [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Models based on the concept of a critical flame Damköhler number explicitly or implicitly account for at least one chemical time scale, are consistent with known laminar flame phenomenology, and therefore may be expected to be more accurate [8]. The occurrence of flame extinction is also followed by that of reignition and the modeling of under-ventilated fires or fire suppression requires both an extinction model and a reignition model [4], a difficulty that is generally overlooked in the fire modeling literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large eddy simulation of flame extinction in a turbulent line fire exposed to air-nitrogen co-flow

Vilfayeau

White

Sunderland

et al. 2016

Fire Safety Journal

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The general objective of this project is to support the development and validation of large eddy simulation (LES) models used to simulate the response of fires to the activation of suppression systems. The focus here is on suppression by gaseous agents. The present experimental configuration is a two-dimensional, plane, buoyancy-driven, methane-fueled, turbulent diffusion flame with a controlled co-flow. The co-flow is an air-nitrogen mixture with variable oxygen dilution conditions, including conditions that lead to full flame extinction. Experimental measurements include the global combustion efficiency and global radiative loss fraction. The numerical simulations are performed with a LESbased fire model developed by FM Global and called FireFOAM. In this study, FireFOAM is modified to include a flame extinction model based on the concept of a critical flame Damköhler number and a flame reignition model based on the concept of a critical gas temperature. The numerical simulations are found to successfully reproduce the rapid change that is observed experimentally when exposing the flame to a co-flow with decreasing oxygen strength: the change corresponds to an abrupt transition from a strong flame with a global combustion efficiency close to one to a residual flame with a global combustion efficiency close to zero.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large eddy simulation of flame extinction in a turbulent line fire exposed to air-nitrogen co-flow

Vilfayeau

White

Sunderland

et al. 2016

Fire Safety Journal

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“…Such an option is generally unavailable in fire applications which often include fuel sources that cannot be described with detailed reaction kinetics and complex configurations for which resolved heat transfer at the fuel source would require prohibitive computational cost. Despite these challenges, recent works have made notable progress in modeling and distinguishing ignition, extinction, and reignition processes in LES applications [11–13]. …”

Section: Modeling Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third case, M3, follows conventions developed in recent affiliated works [11–13], separating ignition and reignition using a tiered reaction mechanism. Including the primary reaction, R1, two additional reactions are introduced as

Fuel + s Air \to {Fuel}^{*} + s Air,

{Fuel}^{*} + s Air \to false(1 + s false) Products,

where Fuel* is a secondary fuel species representing unburned fuel that has had the opportunity to react, but has been suppressed by Eq.…”

Section: Modeling Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling flame extinction and reignition in large eddy simulations with fast chemistry

White

Vilfayeau

Marshall

et al. 2017

Fire Safety Journal

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This work seeks to support the validation of large eddy simulation models used to simulate fire suppression. The emphasis in the present study is on the prediction of flame extinction and the prevention of spurious reignition using a fast chemistry, mixing-controlled combustion model applicable to realistic fire scenarios of engineering interest. The configuration provides a buoyant, turbulent methane diffusion flame within a controlled co-flowing oxidizer. The oxidizer allows for the supply of a mixture of air and nitrogen, including conditions for which oxygen-dilution in the oxidizer leads to flame extinction. Measurements to support model validation include local profiles of thermocouple temperature and oxygen mole fraction, global combustion efficiency, and the limiting oxygen index. The present study evaluates the performance of critical-flame-temperature-based extinction and reignition models using the Fire Dynamics Simulator, an open-source fire dynamics solver. Alternate model cases are explored, each offering a unique treatment of extinction and reignition. Comparisons between simulated results and experimental measurements are used to evaluate the capability of these models to accurately describe flame extinction. Of the considered cases, those that include provisions to prevent spurious reignition show excellent agreement with measured data, whereas a baseline case lacking explicit reignition treatment fails to predict extinction.

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“…To simulate compartment fires, the computational codes used include Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), FireFOAM, OpenFOAM, PHOENICS, FLUENT and CFX, among others (see, e.g., [7,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17]). All these codes have been extensively validated for a great variety of fire scenarios in the case of the first two and for a very large number of applications in the field of fluid mechanics in the case of the others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Heat and Smoke Propagation and Oscillatory Flow through Ceiling Vents in a Large-Scale Compartment Fire

et al. 2019

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One question that often arises is whether a specialized code or a more general code may be equally suitable for fire modeling. This paper investigates the performance and capabilities of a specialized code (FDS) and a general-purpose code (FLUENT) to simulate a fire in the commercial area of an underground intermodal transportation station. In order to facilitate a more precise comparison between the two codes, especially with regard to ventilation issues, the number of factors that may affect the fire evolution is reduced by simplifying the scenario and the fire model. The codes are applied to the same fire scenario using a simplified fire model, which considers a source of mass, heat and species to characterize the fire focus, and whose results are also compared with those obtained using FDS and a combustion model. An oscillating behavior of the fire-induced convective heat and mass fluxes through the natural vents is predicted, whose frequency compares well with experimental results for the ranges of compartment heights and heat release rates considered. The results obtained with the two codes for the smoke and heat propagation patterns and convective fluxes through the forced and natural ventilation systems are discussed and compared to each other. The agreement is very good for the temperature and species concentration distributions and the overall flow pattern, whereas appreciable discrepancies are only found in the oscillatory behavior of the fire-induced convective heat and mass fluxes through the natural vents. The relative performance of the codes in terms of central processing unit (CPU) time consumption is also discussed.

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Numerical simulation of under-ventilated liquid-fueled compartment fires with flame extinction and thermally-driven fuel evaporation

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

Large eddy simulation of flame extinction in a turbulent line fire exposed to air-nitrogen co-flow

Large eddy simulation of flame extinction in a turbulent line fire exposed to air-nitrogen co-flow

Modeling flame extinction and reignition in large eddy simulations with fast chemistry

Analysis of Heat and Smoke Propagation and Oscillatory Flow through Ceiling Vents in a Large-Scale Compartment Fire

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