Numerical simulation of unsteady, single aluminum particle combustion in air

Liang, Yongjun; Beckstead, M. W.

doi:10.2514/6.1998-3825

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The present paper summarizes a series of articles [14][15][16][17] describing the numerical simulations of aluminum-particle combustion in both laboratory and rocket-motor conditions, i.e., high pressures and CO 2 and H 2 O environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Single Aluminum Particle Combustion (Review)

Beckstead

Liang

Pudduppakkam

2005

Combust Explos Shock Waves

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A two-dimensional, unsteady-state, kinetic-diffusion-vaporization-controlled numerical model for aluminum particle combustion is presented. The model solves the conservation equations, while accounting for species generation and destruction with a 15-reaction kinetic mechanism. Two of the major phenomena that differentiate aluminum combustion from hydrocarbon-droplet combustion, namely, condensation of the aluminum-oxide product and subsequent deposition of part of the condensed oxide onto the particle, are accounted for in detail with a submodel for each phenomenon. The effect of the oxide cap in the distortion of the species and temperature profiles around the particle is included into the model. The results obtained from the model, which include two-dimensional species and temperature profiles, are analyzed and compared with experimental data. The combustion process is found to approach a diffusion-controlled process for the oxidizers (O 2 , CO 2 , and H 2 O) and conditions treated. The flame-zone location and thickness are found to vary with the oxidizer. The result shows that the exponent of the particle-diameter dependence of the burning time is not a constant and changes from ≈1.2 for smaller-diameter particles to ≈1.9 for larger-diameter particles. Owing to deposition of the aluminum oxide onto the particle surface, the particle velocity oscillates. The effect of pressure is analyzed for a few oxidizers. Key words: aluminum particle, two-dimensional unsteady-state numerical model, kinetic mechanism, effect of the nature of the gaseous oxidizer, condensed oxide, oxide dissociation, oxide cap, burning time, species and temperature fields INTRODUCTIONAluminum has been added to propellants for many years as an extra energy source for the propellant. Thus, research on the combustion mechanism of burning aluminum has been an ongoing effort. A very significant effort was expended in the 1960s and 1970s shortly after the effects of aluminum were first conceived. In an early study, Glassman [1] and Brzustowski and Glassman [2] recognized that metal combustion would be analogous to hydrocarbon-droplet combustion, that the D 2 law ought to be applied, and that ignition and combustion ought to depend on the melting and boiling points of the metal and the oxide. Glassman speculated that ig-

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Single Aluminum Particle Combustion (Review)

Beckstead

Liang

Pudduppakkam

2005

Combust Explos Shock Waves

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Beckstead and 844 A. Rai et al coworkers [4][5][6][7][8] have developed a two-dimensional, unsteady state, evaporation-diffusionkinetics controlled numerical model to describe the oxidation of aluminium particles. Yetter et al [9,10] have worked extensively on combustion of aluminium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the mechanism of aluminium nanoparticle oxidation

Rai

Park

Zhou

et al. 2006

Combustion Theory and Modelling

325

197

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In the literature, we can find at least three values of the temperature at which Al 2 O 3 decomposes into AlO and O (or O 2 ). For example, Borisov et al4 quoted 3250 and 3800 K as the aluminum oxide decomposition temperature, whereas Liang and Beckstead30 and Glassman 31 proposed about 4000 K.Figures 10-15show profiles of various parameters across the detonation fronts for the decomposition temperatures equal to T dec = 3250 K (dashed lines), 3500 K (solid lines), and 3750 K (dashed-dotted lines). All other parameters are the same as in the base case.Figure 10shows real positions of the detonation fronts as they have been obtained in our simulations, whereas in Figs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Parametric Studies of an Aluminum Combustion Model for Simulations of Detonation Waves

Benkiewicz

Hayashi

2006

AIAA Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present a parametric analysis of a combustion model developed for computer simulations of detonation waves propagating in aluminum-dust-oxygen two-phase mixtures. In this model, consumption of solid and liquid aluminum is limited by its evaporation rate, and, depending on a gas-phase temperature, the fuel can be burned into aluminum oxide or aluminum monoxide. The model is applied for one-dimensional simulations of detonation waves. We analyze the influence of various factors on characteristic parameters of the detonation and compare computed results with those of other models and experimental data. The analyses show a qualitative agreement of the computed results with the Chapman-Jouguet detonation model. A combustion model and an initial solidphase concentration significantly influence the computed solutions. Specifically, a decomposition temperature has a strong effect on the system, because it limits the energy release in the combustion process. An initial particle diameter (with an exception of very fine dust) and an ignition temperature have no influence on the propagation of the detonation waves but are limiting factors for their development. Nomenclature B= universal gas constant C pk = kth species specific heat at constant pressure (k = 1, . . . , n s ) C vs = solid-phase specific heat C x = drag force coefficient c s = solid-phase concentration D = detonation wave velocity D CJ = Chapman-Jouguet detonation wave velocity d = average particle diameter d 0 = initial particle diameter E l = lth phase total specific energy (thermal and kinetic) e l = lth phase specific internal energy (thermal) (l = g, s, where g is gas and s is solid) F = vector of fluxes f = particle breakup (agglomeration) rate, 1/s h = interphase heat transfer factor kg/s 3 · m · K h f 298g k = kth species heat of formation h f 298s = solid-phase heat of formation K r = combustion rate constant, s/m 2 Ma = Mach number M g = average molar mass of gaseous mixture N p = particle number density, 1/m 3 N u = Nusselt number n s = species number p CJ = Chapman-Jouguet detonation pressure p g = gas pressure p vN = peak pressure (von Neumann spike) Re = Reynolds number S = vector of source terms T dec = aluminum oxide decomposition temperature T ign = ignition temperature= kth gaseous species mass fraction c = interphase mass exchange factor, kg/s · m 3 c k = kth species interphase mass exchange factor, kg/s · m 3 δ = interphase drag force factor, kg/s · m 3 λ g = gas-phase heat conduction coefficient π = 3.1415927 . . . ρ g k = kth species partial density ρ l = lth phase material density τ = characteristic combustion time φ s = solid-phase volume fractioṅ ω k = kth species production (consumption) rate due to homogeneous chemical reactions Subscripts CJ = Chapman-Jouguet point g = gas phase k = gaseous species index l = phase index s = solid phase vN = von Neumann spike

show abstract

Numerical simulation of unsteady, single aluminum particle combustion in air

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Numerical Simulation of Single Aluminum Particle Combustion (Review)

Numerical Simulation of Single Aluminum Particle Combustion (Review)

Understanding the mechanism of aluminium nanoparticle oxidation

Parametric Studies of an Aluminum Combustion Model for Simulations of Detonation Waves

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About