Numerical simulation on characteristics of COREX shaft furnace with central gas distribution

Zhang, Xingsheng; Zou, Zongshu; Luo, Zhiguo

doi:10.1007/s42243-019-00266-2

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The reduction reactions of the iron oxides considered in this model are listed in Equations ( 21)-( 23) [27][28][29]. FeO is directly reduced to Fe at the appropriate temperature and carbon monoxide atmosphere.…”

Section: Reduction Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fe 3 O 4 + CO → 3FeO + CO 2 (22) FeO + CO → Fe + CO 2 (23) According to previous works [29][30][31], the general reaction rate expression was used to describe the reduction reactions by:…”

Section: Reduction Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…d s is the diameter of solid particles; w co,g and w co2,g are the mass fractions of CO and CO 2 , and M CO and M CO2 are the mole masses of CO and CO 2 . W and a n,m are grouped variables comprised of the parameters which characterize the reaction, including the equilibriums and rate constants, effective diffusivities, solid phase compositions, and radii of the unreacted cores from previous works [29,30,32]. In this study, the reduction reactions listed in Equations ( 21)-( 23) were simulated with the shrink core model separately and the corresponding reduction reactions were assumed to be finished when their equivalent diameter was smaller than 0.74 µm.…”

Section: Reduction Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Investigation into Gas-Particle Inter-Phase Combustion and Reduction in the Flash Ironmaking Process

Cheng

Xiong

et al. 2020

Metals

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Despite the dominance of the blast furnace ironmaking process, more attention is being paid to the new technologies with lower energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. A novel flash ironmaking technology using pulverized coals and iron concentrates as raw materials, which is different from flash ironmaking with the reductive gas as the reducing agent, is studied. In order to obtain the flow patterns, temperature, and gas composition distribution, as well as particle trajectories in the reaction shaft of the flash ironmaking furnace, the Euler–Lagrangian model with a custom user defined function (UDF) code is used to simulate the processes of the fluid flow, heat and mass transfer, and chemical reactions, including the combustion reaction of pulverized coals and reduction reaction of iron concentrates. The results indicate that the flow patterns, temperature, and gas composition distributions present symmetrical distribution characteristics. The central oxygen expands rapidly after entering the reaction shaft and its distribution is approximately bell-shaped. The temperature distribution in the reaction shaft is wing-shaped. The maximum temperature, 2615 K, is reached at 5 m below the roof of the reaction shaft. The O2 is quickly consumed after entering the reaction shaft. At 6 m below the roof of the reaction shaft, the oxygen concentration becomes almost zero, with the CO concentration reaching the highest. The Fe2O3 and FeO in the iron concentrates are mostly reduced to Fe at 9 m below the roof of the reaction shaft, and more than 95 wt% iron particles could be obtained within 1.2–7.7 s.

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Section: Reduction Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reduction Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reduction Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Investigation into Gas-Particle Inter-Phase Combustion and Reduction in the Flash Ironmaking Process

Cheng

Xiong

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] Reduction shaft furnace is an effective process to produce DRI, and it's developed worldwide, including Midrex, HYL, upper part of COREX etc. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Many research related to the reduction shaft furnace had been reported. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] For example, Kato et al 13) aimed to reduce CO 2 emission from industrial energy processes, investigated the application of carbon recycling ironmaking system in a shaft furnace.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Yield of Metallic Fe by COG in a Shaft Furnace in the Case of O<sub>2</sub> Pyrolysis

et al. 2021

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Reduction shaft furnace is an effective process to produce Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), in which natural gas is used as reducing agent and heat source. Recently, in some countries lacking natural gas resources, Coke Oven Gas (COG) was proposed to be used in shaft furnace process instead of natural gas. In the present work, the effect of COG consumption on the yield of metallic Fe in shaft furnace was thermodynamically calculated. Both the chemical equilibrium and heat balance were considered. The main findings include, in shaft furnace process, the COG consumption as heat source is more than that as reducing agent. In the case of directly supplying reformed COG, the yield of metallic Fe decreases with increasing formation temperature of metallic Fe. For a coke oven with capacity of 600 000 tons, as the formation temperature are 850°C and 900°C, the corresponding annual yields of shaft furnace are 253.58 × 10 3 tons/year and 249.48 × 10 3 tons/year. In the case of ZR technology followed by supplying extra COG, the yield of metallic Fe first increases and then decreases, and there is a peak value. For a coke oven with capacity of 600 000 tons, as the formation temperature are 845°C and 900°C, the corresponding annual yields of shaft furnace are 283.44 × 10 3 tons/year (maximum value) and 278.38 × 10 3 tons/year. The findings from this work may provide guidelines for choosing optimal parameters for an actual shaft furnace process.

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“…Hot stamping process usually includes heating to 950 °C for complete austenitization, and then transferring to water‐cooling dies for stamping, and finally quenching at a cooling rate above 30 °C s −1 to a certain temperature below 200 °C . In the absence of effective gas protection, the phenomenon of oxidation decarburization is inevitable, therefore, 22MnB5 steel with Al–Si coating was developed to reduce decarburization under atmosphere environment and improve corrosion resistance properties as well . The tensile strength of 22MnB5 steel components produced by hot stamping process usually reaches 1500 MPa, and total elongation is only about 5% .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm Stamping Technology of the Medium Manganese Steel

Wang

Han

et al. 2017

steel research int.

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A kind of hot stamping technology with lower heating temperature, as named as warm stamping, is proposed based on the medium manganese steel. The differences on the microstructure and mechanical properties among 22MnB5 steel, Al–Si coated 22MnB5 steel, and medium manganese steel are studied before and after hot/warm stamping process based on industrial trail. The results show that the tensile strength of 1500 MPa is obtained for medium manganese steel when the austenitizing temperature is only 800 °C, much lower than 950 °C for 22MnB5 steel. Finer microstructure of medium manganese steel is obtained by warm stamping and there is no surface decarburization under atmosphere environment. The total elongation of warm‐stamped medium manganese steel reaches 10%, which is higher than that of 7.5% for 22MnB5 steel. The excellent hardenability makes warm‐stamped medium manganese steel more suitable for the production of large‐size components with martensitic microstructure. The results of spot welding test between medium manganese steel and H340LAD + Z show that the welding performance meets the requirement of automobile plant.

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Numerical simulation on characteristics of COREX shaft furnace with central gas distribution

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Numerical Investigation into Gas-Particle Inter-Phase Combustion and Reduction in the Flash Ironmaking Process

Numerical Investigation into Gas-Particle Inter-Phase Combustion and Reduction in the Flash Ironmaking Process

Theoretical Yield of Metallic Fe by COG in a Shaft Furnace in the Case of O<sub>2</sub> Pyrolysis

Warm Stamping Technology of the Medium Manganese Steel

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