Numerical simulations of the thermionic electron gun for electron-beam welding and micromachining

Jánský, Pavel; Zlámal, Jakub; Lencová, Bohumila; Zobač, Martin; Vlček, Ivan; Radlička, Tomáš

doi:10.1016/j.vacuum.2009.07.007

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We follow the standard self-consistent iterative computational scheme [1] in our space charge calculation method. The process starts with the computation of all fields not influenced by the space charge.…”

Section: Simulation Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The crucial part of the self-consistent algorithm, the evaluation of the space charge distribution, is commonly based on the particle-in-cell method [1] or the charge-tube method [2]. The particle in-cellmethod divides the simulated system to a large set of cells and determines the time the traced particles spend in each cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is necessary to have sufficiently small cells in the crossovers for good results. The formation of a hollow beam in the second iteration caused by a non-realistically high current density in the crossover was described in [1]. Other inaccuracies are caused by cells inside the wide parts of the beam not encountering any particles, which generates zero space charge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The space charge is a time invariant charge distribution corresponding to the actual current density distribution in the system. The space charge distribution generates a new electrostatic field in the system, leading to a new current density distribution, which allows performing a self-consistent computation [1]. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simplified algorithm diagram based on the standard iterative self-consistent method used for space charge computations[1].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of Space Charge Effects in Electron Optical System Based on the Calculations of Current Density

2015

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We present a numerical method for iterative computation of electron optical systems influenced by space charge with an improved accuracy in the same calculation time. We replace the common algorithm for evaluating the space charge distribution with a new one based on the calculation of the current density distribution from an aberration polynomial. We introduce a re-meshing algorithm which adapts the mesh used for the field calculation by the finite element method in each iteration to the actual space charge distribution to keep it sufficiently fine in all areas with non-zero space charge. IntroductionAll electrons in the electron-optical system generally interact with each other. These repulsions affect the electron trajectories and the presence of the electrons itself alters the electrostatic field in the system. The significance of this effect grows with the total current in the system. It is not computationally feasible to simulate the interaction between each pair of electrons in the beam in most cases. The standard approximation uses the concept of space charge based on the collective effect. The space charge is a time invariant charge distribution corresponding to the actual current density distribution in the system. The space charge distribution generates a new electrostatic field in the system, leading to a new current density distribution, which allows performing a self-consistent computation [1].

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Section: Simulation Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simplified algorithm diagram based on the standard iterative self-consistent method used for space charge computations[1].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%