Numerical simulations of wave interactions with vertical wave barriers using the SPH method

Abstract

SUMMARYThis paper focuses on the fluid boundary separation problem of the conventional dynamic solid boundary treatment (DSBT) and proposes a modified DSBT (MDSBT). Classic 2D free dam break flows and 3D dam break flows against a rectangular box are used to assess the performance of this MDSBT in free surface flow and violent fluid-structure interaction, respectively. Another test, water column oscillations in a U-tube, is specially designed to reveal the applicability of dealing with two types of particular boundaries: the wet-dry solid boundary and the large-curvature solid boundary. A comparison between the numerical results and the experimental data shows that the MDSBT is capable of eliminating the fluid boundary separation, improving the accuracy of the solid boundary pressure calculations and preventing the unphysical penetration of fluid particles. Using a 2D SPH numerical wave tank with MDSBT, the interactions between regular waves and a simplified vertical wave barrier are simulated. The numerical results reveal that the maximum horizontal force occurs at the endpoint of the vertical board, and with the enlargement of the relative submerged board length, the maximum moment grows linearly; furthermore, the relative average mass transportation under the breakwater initially increases to 11.14 per wave strike but is later reduced. The numerical simulation of a full-scale 3D wave barrier with two vertical boards shows that the wave and structure interactions in the practical project are far more complicated than in the simplified 2D models. The SPH model using the MDSBT is capable of providing a reference for engineering designs.

SPH Simulation of Wave Scattering by a Heaving Submerged Horizontal Plate

“…Because of the signi¯cant di®erence in the velocity between the DBPs and nearby°uid particles, densities of DBPs calculated by Eq. (3) are abnormal (Ni et al [2014]). Therefore, following Ren et al (2015]'s approach, they are smoothed out using the average densities of near-boundary°uid particles.…”

Hydrodynamics of Regular Breaking Wave

“…In general, the Lagrangian methods provide accurate and stable numerical solutions for integral equations or partial differential equations (PDEs) with all kinds of possible boundary conditions using a set of arbitrarily distributed nodes or particles. During the last years, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) has become a very powerful method for CFD problems governed by the Navier-Stokes equations such as fluid-dynamic problems with highly non-linear deformation [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]; multi-phase flows for coastal and other hydraulic applications with air-water mixture sand sediment scouring [38][39][40][41][42]; oscillating jets inducing breaking waves [43] and nonbuoyant jets in a wave environment [44][45][46]; fluid/structure/soil-interaction [47][48][49]; hydraulic jumps [50][51][52][53]; multi-phase flows and oil spill [54][55].…”

SPH-FE-Based Numerical Simulation on Dynamic Characteristics of Structure under Water Waves

“…The impact of waves on structures is relevant to the issue of fluid-structure interaction (FSI), which refers to the deformation of the structure under the action of the complex free-surface phenomena such as wave surface overturning and breaking. The analytical solutions cannot satisfy the demands of such complicated cases owing to the limitations of the existing mathematical methods [4]. In recent years, with the development of computational fluid dynamics, numerical simulations have been adopted as an alternative tool in the study of the interactions between waves and structures [5][6][7].…”