Numerical Solution Methods

Bieniasz, Lesław K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44882-3_12

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 84 publications

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“…We propose using a versatile electromagnetic wave-propagation algorithm that considers crucial effects such as absorption and reflection. Such radiation-matter interaction algorithms are conventional in light-propagation applications, for which the Finite Element Method (FEM) [47] and the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) [48,49] methods are the most popular. Both methods exist in commercially available software solutions.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cityscape LoRa Signal Propagation Predicted and Tested Using Real-World Building-Data Based O-FDTD Simulations and Experimental Characterization

Adão

Balvís²,

Carpentier

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The age of the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart cities calls for low-power wireless communication networks, for which the Long-Range (LoRa) is a rising star. Efficient network engineering requires the accurate prediction of the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) spatial distribution. However, the most commonly used models either lack the physical accurateness, resolution, or versatility for cityscape real-world building distribution-based RSSI predictions. For this purpose, we apply the 2D electric field wave-propagation Oscillator Finite-Difference Time-Domain (O-FDTD) method, using the complex dielectric permittivity to model reflection and absorption effects by concrete walls and the receiver sensitivity as the threshold to obtain a simulated coverage area in a 600 × 600 m2 square. Further, we report a simple and low-cost method to experimentally determine the signal coverage area based on mapping communication response-time delays. The simulations show a strong building influence on the RSSI, compared against the Free-Space Path (FSPL) model. We obtain a spatial overlap of 84% between the O-FDTD simulated and experimental signal coverage maps. Our proof-of-concept approach is thoroughly discussed compared to previous works, outlining error sources and possible future improvements. O-FDTD is demonstrated to be most promising for both indoors and outdoors applications and presents a powerful tool for IoT and smart city planners.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cityscape LoRa Signal Propagation Predicted and Tested Using Real-World Building-Data Based O-FDTD Simulations and Experimental Characterization

Adão

Balvís²,

Carpentier

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Modelling of Water Levels in a Reservoir using Modelica

Mejer¹,

Winkler²

2021

Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings

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The regulation of hydro power plants is influenced by amongst others reservoir capacity and the knowledge about how it is influenced by changes in in-and outflow. The hydro power reservoir Aurdalsfjord has a small capacity compared to the inflow, a narrowing between inflow in the north and outflow in the south and has implemented strict governmental restriction. The paper will present a reservoir model that was developed in order to investigate the water flow and water level conditions in Aurdalsfjord. The water level in each cell is described with a mass balance, while the flow between two cells is described with a momentum balance. The balance equations are formulated as DAEs. The model is developed in Modelica which allows it to be used in connection with models of a wide variety of other components that are present in a hydro power system. The model will be integrated in the open-source hydro power library OpenHPL developed at USN. The Modelica model shows promising results. For Aurdalsfjord it needed to be adjusted with non-physical parameters. The reservoir model should be implemented for a less complex shaped reservoir in order to see if the challenges are related to the Modelica implementation or Aurdalsfjords shape.

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Numerical Solution Methods

Cited by 2 publications

References 84 publications

Cityscape LoRa Signal Propagation Predicted and Tested Using Real-World Building-Data Based O-FDTD Simulations and Experimental Characterization

Cityscape LoRa Signal Propagation Predicted and Tested Using Real-World Building-Data Based O-FDTD Simulations and Experimental Characterization

Modelling of Water Levels in a Reservoir using Modelica

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