Numerical study and comparisons of gas tungsten arc properties between argon and nitrogen

GTAW liquid pool convections and the weld shape variations under helium gas shielding

“…Welding arc Based on the above assumptions, the conservation equations for the welding arc can be expressed as follows [21,22]:…”

Depth profiling of nanometer thin layers by pulsed micro-discharge with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

“…However, compared to Ar, N 2 has a higher specific heat and thermal conductivity, which makes the plasma more compressed. The compressed plasma leads to a decrease in the arc diameter [19]. Moreover, due to the reduction of the plasma volume and the high discharge voltage, N 2 discharge provides higher power density on the sample surface [20].…”

Surface alloying of AISI 1045 steel in a nitrogen environment using a gas tungsten arc process

“…Due to its high specific heat and thermal conductivities, nitrogen can constrict arc plasma, which raises the arc voltage. Furthermore, constricting the arc with a high heat input will directly enlarge the melt pool volume in the GTAW melting process (Lu et al, 2009). In general, surface melting under a lower heat input is associated with a higher cooling rate and lower dilution.…”