“…For turbulent flow, a numerical investigation is carried out in a circular tube with pipe inserts (Tu, Wang, and Tang 2016); the heat transfer rate decreases with the increase in spacer length, and the flow resistance increases with the decrease in spacer length. There was a numerical study (Patro, Gupta, and Kumar 2015) of the heat transfer properties of pulsating turbulent flow in an air fluid pipe; the local Nu number of Reynolds decreased along the length of the pipe with partial variations in its values. The thermal essence of ethylene glycol-water ice slurry flowing through a horizontal heated tube is studied numerically using Newtonian fluid (Onokoko et al 2019).…”