Numerical Study of Heat and Mass Transfer for Williamson Nanofluid over Stretching/Shrinking Sheet along with Brownian and Thermophoresis Effects

Abstract

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the non-Newtonian unsteady Williamson fluid on a stretching/shrinking surface along with thermophoresis and Brownian effects. Basically, the model consists of a time-dependent magnetic field. The fluid is considered to be electrically conducting due to the effect of the external magnetic field. The values of magnetic Reynolds number are so small that the induced magnetic field is assumed to be negligible. In the concentration equation, the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis are discussed. Employing the similarity transformations, the governing nonlinear Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are converted into the Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). The resulting ODEs are solved with the combined effects of the Successive Over Relaxation (SOR) method and Finite Difference Method (FDM). The impact of all the including parameters such as suction parameter, injection parameter, stretching/shrinking parameter, the ratio of viscosity, local Weissenberg number, unsteadiness parameter, Eckert number, Prandtl number, Lewis number, Nusselt number, Brownian motion parameter, shear stress, heat transfer rate, and mass transfer rate are analyzed using graphs and tables. Results show that the values of fluid velocity are better for S=8, −S=0, λ=0.3, β*=0.9, Wi=0.3, and Aa=2.0. It is also depicted from the results that the values of boundary layer thickness are better for S=0, −S=−8, λ=0.3, β*=0.1, Wi=1.5, and Aa=0.25. From the above numeric results, it is concluded that the fluid velocity is reduced and the thermal boundary layer thickness is enhanced by the enhancement of the stretching parameter.

Optimization of the Liquid Desiccant Cooling Systems in Hot and Humid Areas

“…NTU represents the number of heat transfer units in the dehumidification channel of LDD (𝑁𝑇𝑈 • ⋅ , . In the process of heat mass transfer between solution and air, the Lewis number 𝐿𝑒 ⋅ in LDD and RIEC is taken as 1 [23], the number of mass transfer units in the primary channel of LDD can be expressed as 𝑁𝑇𝑈 • .…”

“…NTU represents the number of heat transfer units in the dehumidification channel of LDD (NTU = α LD1 •A wall m LD1 •c p,a1 ). In the process of heat mass transfer between solution and air, the Lewis number (Le = α LD1 α mLD1 •c pa1 ) in LDD and RIEC is taken as 1 [23], the number of mass transfer units in the primary channel of LDD can be expressed as NTU m = α ms •A wall m a1 . Equations ( 1) and ( 2) can express the latent and sensible heat processes in the microelements in the dehumidification channel.…”

Effect of Airflow Non-Uniformities on the Thermal Performance of Water–Air Heat Exchangers—Experimental Study and Analysis

“…Mishra et al [34] conducted finite difference calculations of temperature dynamics in a cross-flow HX under temperature and flow maldistributions for several conditions. Zhu et al [35] performed a numerical investigation on fluid parameters and their impact on heat transfer, and the study concluded that a reduced fluid velocity improves the thickness of the thermal boundary layer. Ishaq et al [36] studied the effect of flow distribution on the performance of a double pipe heat exchanger when adding fins of a diamond shape.…”