Numerical study of horizontal flame spread over PMMA surface in still air

Karpov, A.I.; Коробейничев, О. П.; Shaklein, Artem; Bolkisev, Andrey A.; Kumar, Amit; Шмаков, А. Г.

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.08.106

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The developed mathematical model involved coupled heat and mass transfer between gas-phase combustion in flame and solid fuel pyrolysis, which provided a proper description of self-sustained flame propagation. Governing equations for the gas-phase were of a generally accepted statement, as follows [ 19 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]:

…”

Section: Numerical Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike the homogeneous polymeric fuels, such as PMMA [ 21 , 23 ] or polyformaldehyde [ 24 ], used in the previous studies, the solid fuel considered here was a composite of combustible organic binder (epoxy resin) reinforced with noncombustible glass fiber fabric. Therefore, the equation for solid fuel heat transfer was modified according to this behavior:

…”

Section: Numerical Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown [ 26 ] that gaseous fuel in the GFRER flame consists of low-molecular gases, such as methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and others. Therefore, the previously approved [ 21 , 23 , 25 ] kinetic parameters of the gas-phase combustion reaction were applied here: activation energy of

= 90 kJ/mol and pre-exponential factor of

1/s. The heat release of GFRER combustion was found to be

= 25.5 MJ/kg, according to the measurements [ 27 ].…”

Section: Numerical Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For previously studied polymeric materials, such as PMMA [ 21 , 23 , 25 ] and POM [ 24 ], the gaseous pyrolysis product of which has a rather simple chemical structure (a monomer), the value of stoichiometric coefficient

in Equations (5) and (6) is known. On the contrary, the composite materials considered here such as GFRER produce a variety of complex chemical compositions under thermal degradation, and there is definitive uncertainty in the assignment of the stoichiometric coefficient.…”

Section: Numerical Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To predict the behavior of flame spread over polymer surfaces, a number of numerical models were developed and tested for comparison with the experimental data. The up-to-date level of mathematical formulation [ 2 , 19 , 20 , 21 ] is based on the following approaches: coupled heat and mass transfer between flame and solid fuel, finite rates of chemical reactions for gas-phase combustion and solid fuel pyrolysis and consideration of gas and surface radiation. However, the developed coupled models are applied, as a rule, to simple homogeneous systems, such as flame spread over PMMA, with a simple mechanism of chemical decomposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Numerical Study of Downward Flame Spread over Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin

et al. 2022

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For the first time, a comprehensive study of downward flame spread over glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin (GFRER) slabs in oxidizer flow has been carried out experimentally and numerically. Microthermocouples were used to measure the temperature profiles on the solid fuel’s surface and in the flame, and a video camera was used to measure the rate of flame spread (ROS). The ROS was found to be linearly dependent on the oxygen concentration, to be inversely proportional to the slab thickness and not to depend on the direction of the flame spread over the slab. The absence of the influence of the forced oxidizing flow velocity and the weak influence of the GFRER pyrolysis kinetics on the ROS were observed. For the first time, a numerical model of flame spread over reinforced material with thermal conductivity anisotropy was developed on the basis of a coupled ‘gas–solid’ heat and mass transfer model, using modifications of the OpenFOAM open-source code. The sensitivity analysis of the model showed that the thermal conductivity in the normal direction to the GFRER surface had a much greater effect on the ROS than the thermal conductivity along the direction of flame propagation. The numerical results show good agreement with the experimental data on the dependences of the ROS on oxygen concentration, slab thickness and the N2/O2 mixture flow velocity, as well as temperature distributions on the fuel surface, the maximum flame temperatures and the flame zone length.

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