Numerical study of penetration and distribution of charged particles in the magnetosphere during southward IMF case

Abstract

The energetic charged particles penetration in the plasmasphere are carried out using the updated version of 3D Stanford PIC code. We considered slow and fast wind streams to know the penetration of the energetic charged particles (electrons and ions) having different velocities into four regions i.e. cusp, plasmasphere, sunward, and tailward sides. It is observed that the ion penetrations are higher than electrons for solar slow wind streams in the plasmasphere, while it is reverse for the solar fast streams. Also, the results show that the percentage of penetration of the energetic charged particles (both electrons and ions) are the same into the cusp and subsolar point reconnection region. It is different for the higher speed of fast streams; so that the penetrated electrons reached about 10–20 times than penetrated ions. The results show that for the tailward reconnection region, the penetration of ions is 2–3 times higher than the penetration of electrons, but it is the same for the case of higher solar fast speed.

Study of Magnetosphere Dynamics under Various Alfven Mach Numbers for the Northward IMF Condition: 3D Global PIC Simulations

“…In this paper, we adopt the same simulation model with dimensions (x=215, y=145, z=145) that has previously been used by Esmaeili & Kalaee [2017] and Esmaeili et al [2020]. In the simulation, 1 equals to 0.5 R E where 1 R E is approximately 6400 km.…”