Numerical Study of the Effects of Wave-Induced Forcing on Dynamics in Ocean Mixed Layer

Deng, Zengan; Xie, Lian; Yu, Ting; Shi, Suixiang; Jin, Jianhua; Wu, Kejian

doi:10.1155/2013/365818

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The CSF can be understood as originating in the fact that “the Stokes drift attempts to tilt and stretch the planetary vorticity into the horizontal leading to a vortex force on the flow” [ Polton et al ., ]. The CSF exerts a noticeable influence on the ocean circulation in terms of the mixed‐layer temperature and MLD [ Deng et al ., ]. The CSF is usually considered in OGCMs by adding an extra term (i.e.,

{boldf}_{boldc} \times {boldu}_{bolds}

) to the momentum equations.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other process is Langmuir circulation (LC) through the action of a Stokes‐vortex force, i.e.,

{boldu}_{bolds} \times {boldω}_{boldv}

, where

{boldω}_{boldv}

is the vortex vector. Numerical and theoretical analyses demonstrate that the CSF is an important mechanism controlling upper‐ocean dynamics [i.e., Polton et al ., ; Wu and Liu , ; Deng et al ., ]. Wu and Liu [] demonstrated that the Stokes drift not only changes the wind energy input to the Ekman layer but also redistributes the total energy input between the direct wind energy input and the Stokes drift‐induced energy input.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upper‐ocean mixing due to surface gravity waves

Rutgersson

2015

JGR Oceans

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Surface gravity waves play an important role in the lower layer of the atmosphere and the upper layer of the ocean. Surface waves effect upper‐ocean mixing mainly through four processes: wave breaking, Stokes drift interaction with the Coriolis force, Langmuir circulation, and stirring by nonbreaking waves. We introduce the impact of these four processes into a 1‐D k−ϵ ocean turbulence model. The parameterizations used are based mainly on existing investigations. Comparison of simulation results and measurements demonstrates that considering all the effects of waves, rather than just one effect, significantly improves model performance. The nonbreaking‐wave‐induced mixing and Langmuir turbulence are the most important terms when considering the impact of waves on upper‐ocean mixing. Under high‐wave conditions, the turbulent mixing induced by nonbreaking waves can be of the same order of magnitude as the viscosity induced by other terms at the surface. Nonbreaking waves contribute very little to shear production and their impact is negligible in the models. Sensitivity experiments demonstrate that the vertical profile of the Stokes drift calculated from the 2‐D wave spectrum improves model performance significantly compared with other methods of introducing wave effects.

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{boldf}_{boldc} \times {boldu}_{bolds}

) to the momentum equations.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other process is Langmuir circulation (LC) through the action of a Stokes‐vortex force, i.e.,

{boldu}_{bolds} \times {boldω}_{boldv}

, where

{boldω}_{boldv}

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper‐ocean mixing due to surface gravity waves

Rutgersson

2015

JGR Oceans

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“…Deng et al . [] demonstrated that the inclusion of the Coriolis‐Stokes force into a global ocean model improves the comparison of the sea surface temperature (SST) with buoy observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Zhang et al [2011] suggested the surface wave breaking is an important factor in determining the surface boundary depth of temperature in the Yellow Sea in summer. Deng et al [2013] demonstrated circulation model using the VF formalism [McWilliams, 2004;Ardhuin et al, 2008] and the breaking waveinduced mixing [Craig and Banner, 1994]. In the wave model, the effects of currents on waves are implemented through the wave action equation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of wave‐current interactions over the eastern Canadian shelf under severe weather conditions using a coupled wave‐circulation model

Wang

Jiang

2016

JGR Oceans

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A coupled wave‐circulation model is used to examine interactions between surface gravity waves and ocean currents over the eastern Canadian shelf and adjacent deep waters during three severe weather events. The simulated significant wave heights (SWHs) and peak wave periods reveal the importance of wave‐current interactions (WCI) during and after the storm. In two fast‐moving hurricane cases, the maximum SWHs are reduced by more than 11% on the right‐hand side of the storm track and increased by about 5% on the left‐hand side due to different WCI mechanisms on waves on two sides of the track. The dominate mechanisms of the WCI on waves include the current‐induced modification of wind energy input to the wave generation, and current‐induced wave advection and refraction. In the slow‐moving winter storm case, the effect of WCI decreases the maximum SWHs on both sides of the storm track due to different results of the current‐induced wave advection, which is affected greatly by the storm translation speed. The simulated sea surface temperature (SST) cooling induced by hurricanes and SST warming induced by the winter storm are also enhanced (up to 1.2°C) by the WCI mechanisms on circulation and hydrography. The 3D wave forces can affect water columns up to 200 m in all three storm cases. By comparison, the effect of breaking wave‐induced mixing in the ocean upper layer is more important under strong stratification conditions in two hurricane cases than under weak stratification conditions in the winter storm case.

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“…The configurations of global HYCOM are mainly adopted from Deng et al [ 13 , 14 ]. The calculation domain is from 64.43911°S to 64.43911°N with a resolution of 2.5° × cos⁡ φ in latitude, where φ is the corresponding latitude, and from 180°W to 180°E with a resolution of 2.5° in longitude, totally 144 × 69 horizontal grid points.…”

Section: Experiments Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dependence of Global Ocean Modeling on Background Diapycnal Mixing

Deng

2014

The Scientific World Journal

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The Argo-derived background diapycnal mixing (BDM) proposed by Deng et al. (in publish) is introduced to and applied in Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Sensitive experiments are carried out using HYCOM to detect the responses of ocean surface temperature and Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) to BDM in a global context. Preliminary results show that utilizing a constant BDM, with the same order of magnitude as the realistic one, may cause significant deviation in temperature and MOC. It is found that the dependence of surface temperature and MOC on BDM is prominent. Surface temperature is decreased with the increase of BDM, because diapycnal mixing can promote the deep cold water return to the upper ocean. Comparing to the control run, more striking MOC changes can be caused by the larger variation in BDM.

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Numerical Study of the Effects of Wave-Induced Forcing on Dynamics in Ocean Mixed Layer

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Upper‐ocean mixing due to surface gravity waves

Upper‐ocean mixing due to surface gravity waves

A comparative study of wave‐current interactions over the eastern Canadian shelf under severe weather conditions using a coupled wave‐circulation model

The Dependence of Global Ocean Modeling on Background Diapycnal Mixing

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