Numerical study of the electrochemical exfoliation of graphite

Abstract

In this study, graphene was prepared using electrochemical exfoliation method. Numerical study of the exfoliation process of graphite was carried out using COMSEL Multiphysics 5. The homemade graphene was characterized using various microscopy, spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The prepared graphene oxide consists of few layers of graphene. The numerical study showed that the concentration of sulfate anions was transported through graphite rod in the range (9.77 × 10 −7 -4.58 × 10 −5 ) mol/m 3 and stresses distribution which resulted from sulfate anions interaction along the graphite rod in the range (3.43 × 10 −8 -5.77 × 10 −7 ) N/m 2 .

One‐stepsynthesis of nitrogen‐doped graphene powders and application of them ashigh‐performancesymmetrical coin cell supercapacitors in different aqueous electrolyte

“…Since N3‐GP and N4‐GP were synthesized from a narrower potential range, the nitrogen‐containing functional groups remained unreduced on the graphene surface. In addition, it can be attributed to different effects on its presence such as hydroxide, carboxyl, epoxy formed by oxidation 83,84 …”

“…In addition, it can be attributed to different effects on its presence such as hydroxide, carboxyl, epoxy formed by oxidation. 83,84…”

The effect of the hybrid multi-layered Graphene oxide/Talc as a hydrophobic agent in epoxy coating

“…The XRD patterns of MLGO, Talc, MLGO/Talc (1:5, reflux) and MLGO/Talc (1:5, physical mixture) were shown in Figure 13(a–d). The characteristic diffraction peaks of MLGO are at the 2θ angles of 26.7° that corresponds to d-spacing for a graphitic structure with a layer spacing 3.37 Å and 10.86°, corresponding to an interlayer distance of 0.81 nm and is related to the presence of oxygenated functional groups on carbon sheets [36, 1]. A comparison between the XRD patterns showed the presence of a new peak at a 2θ angle of 6.27° in the XRD pattern of MLGO/Talc (1:5, reflux) in Figure 13(c).…”

Electrochemical exfoliation of graphite in H2SO4, Li2SO4 and NaClO4 solutions monitored in situ by Raman microscopy and spectroscopy

“…23 It is worth noting that some reports attribute the blistering and fragmentation to SO 2 gas formed during anodic exfoliation of graphite in dilute H 2 SO 4 solution. 24 However, the reduction of dilute H 2 SO 4 is thermodynamically very difficult, while the anodic conversion of SO 2 to H 2 SO 4 is a spontaneous exothermic process. 6,25 The release of SO 2 only happens under extreme conditions such as "thermal shock" treatment of H 2 SO 4 -GIC composites, in which graphite was fully intercalated with concentrated H 2 SO 4 .…”