Numerical Study on Isotachophoretic Separation of Ionic Samples in Microfluidics

Gopmandal, Partha P.; Bhattacharyya, S. N.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-05657-9_5

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…As mentioned earlier, we here cover strong electrolyte ITP as a starting point of instruction. This theory is also useful for providing closed-form analytical solutions, which can be used to benchmark new computational approaches and simulation results. ,,− For an example illustration and benchmark of a strong electrolyte ITP simulation, see Figure Figure shows simulation results of an ITP system involving exclusively strong acids and bases.…”

Section: Itp Using Strong Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We next mention some work on analyses of dispersed ITP peaks. See refs − and for detailed discussions around models, which include dispersion effects on sample zone dynamics due to EOF and externally applied pressure gradients (e.g., in counterflow ITP). For readers interested in the effects of dispersion due to EOF or pressure-driven flow on the LE-to-TE interface itself (independent of the focused sample dynamics), we refer to refs , , − Quantitative studies of the axial distribution ofpeak-mode ITP under dispersive conditions typically employ Taylor–Aris-type dispersion models and hence describe area-averaged one-dimensional concentration fields. , …”

Section: Peak-mode Itp Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also observed that focused species with nearly the same mobilities but significantly different diffusivities (e.g., small molecules versus micrometer-sized beads) could exhibit very different radially dispersed and focused concentration profiles (see Figure 11 ), an effect they attributed to the difference in balance between axial electromigration and axial diffusion among the focused species. The effects of pressure-driven flow on the LE-to-TE interface and sample zone dynamics in peak-mode ITP were also studied by Bhattacharyya et al 62 and Gopmandal and Bhattacharyya 143 using numerical simulations. To date, we know of no fully three-dimensional models of peak-mode ITP concentration fields that take into account the full coupling of electric body forces and bulk flow velocities.…”

Section: Peak-mode Itp Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isotachophoresis: Theory and Microfluidic Applications

Ramachandran

Santiago

2022

Chem. Rev.

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Isotachophoresis (ITP) is a versatile electrophoretic technique that can be used for sample preconcentration, separation, purification, and mixing, and to control and accelerate chemical reactions. Although the basic technique is nearly a century old and widely used, there is a persistent need for an easily approachable, succinct, and rigorous review of ITP theory and analysis. This is important because the interest and adoption of the technique has grown over the last two decades, especially with its implementation in microfluidics and integration with on-chip chemical and biochemical assays. We here provide a review of ITP theory starting from physicochemical first-principles, including conservation of species, conservation of current, approximation of charge neutrality, pH equilibrium of weak electrolytes, and so-called regulating functions that govern transport dynamics, with a strong emphasis on steady and unsteady transport. We combine these generally applicable (to all types of ITP) theoretical discussions with applications of ITP in the field of microfluidic systems, particularly on-chip biochemical analyses. Our discussion includes principles that govern the ITP focusing of weak and strong electrolytes; ITP dynamics in peak and plateau modes; a review of simulation tools, experimental tools, and detection methods; applications of ITP for on-chip separations and trace analyte manipulation; and design considerations and challenges for microfluidic ITP systems. We conclude with remarks on possible future research directions. The intent of this review is to help make ITP analysis and design principles more accessible to the scientific and engineering communities and to provide a rigorous basis for the increased adoption of ITP in microfluidics.

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