Numerical Study on Primary Breakup of Disturbed Liquid Jet Sprays Using a VOF Model and LES Method

Liu, Zhenming; Li, Ziming; Liu, Jingbin; Wu, Jiechang; Yu, Yusong; Ding, Jiawei

doi:10.3390/pr10061148

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It is important to remember that liquid fuel disintegrates into ligaments and large droplets at the stage of internal flow, before the spray comes out of the nozzle. This process, known as primary break-up, is caused by the internal flow cavitation and turbulence instability [45][46][47]. Figure 3 is break-up regimes of droplet.…”

Section: Spray Atomizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diesel Spray: Development of Spray in Diesel Engine

Djamari

Idris²,

Paristiawan³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Research and development in the internal combustion engine (ICE) has been growing progressively. Issues such as air pollution, fuel cost, and market competitiveness have driven the automotive industry to develop and manufacture automobiles that meet new regulation and customers’ needs. The diesel engine has some advantages over the gasoline or spark ignition engine, including higher engine efficiency, greater power output, as well as reliability. Since the early stage of the diesel engine’s development phase, the quest to obtain better atomization, proper fuel supply, and accurate timing control, have triggered numerous innovations. In the last two decades, owing to the development of optical technology, the visualization of spray atomization has been made possible using visual diagnostics techniques. This advancement has greatly improved research in spray evolution. Yet, a more comprehensive understanding related to these aspects has not yet been agreed upon. Diesel spray, in particular, is considered a complicated phenomenon to observe because of its high-speed, high pressure, as well as its high temperature working condition. Nevertheless, several mechanisms have been successfully explained using fundamental studies, providing several suggestions in the area, such as liquid atomization and two-phase spray flow. There are still many aspects that have not yet been agreed upon. This paper comprehensively reviews the current status of theoretical diesel spray and modelling, including some important numerical and experimental aspects.

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Section: Spray Atomizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diesel Spray: Development of Spray in Diesel Engine

Djamari

Idris²,

Paristiawan³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…With sufficient computational resources, more information on turbulence can be obtained. The method has been extensively used to study nozzle cavitation [20][21][22][23]. Kim et al [24] used LES to investigate the influences of initial momentum thickness on free jet flow in a circular hole, discovering that these factors have a significant impact on the free jet's flow characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Composite Cavitation Nozzle Parameters Based on the Response Surface Methodology

Huang,

Qiu,

Song

et al. 2024

Water

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Cavitation is typically observed when high-pressure submerged water jets are used. A composite nozzle, based on an organ pipe, can increase shear stress on the incoming flow, significantly enhancing cavitation performance by stacking Helmholtz cavities in series. In the present work, the flow field of the composite nozzle was numerically simulated using Large Eddy Simulation and was paired with the response surface method for global optimizing the crucial parameters of the composite nozzle to examine their effect on cavitation behavior. Utilizing peak gas-phase volume percent as the dependent variable and the runner diameter, Helmholtz chamber diameter, and Helmholtz chamber length as independent variables, a mathematical model was constructed to determine the ideal parameters of the composite nozzle through response surface methodology. The optimized nozzle prediction had an error of only 2.04% compared to the simulation results, confirming the accuracy of the model. To learn more about the cavitation cloud properties, an experimental setup for high-pressure cavitation jets was also constructed. Impact force measurements and high-speed photography tests were among the experiments conducted. The simulated evolution period of cavitation cloud characteristics is highly consistent with the experimental period. In the impact force measurement experiment, the simulated impact force oscillates between 256 and 297 N, and the measured impact force oscillates between 260 N and 289 N, with an error between 1.5% and 2.7%. The simulation model was verified by experimental results. This study provides new insights for the development of cavitation jet nozzle design theory.

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“…The LES-VOF model provides an excellent simulation strategy for studying the effects of dynamic processes, such as the deformation, attraction, repulsion [20,21], and breakup [22,23] of discrete particles. Liu et al used the LES-VOF model to investigate the primary breakup of a high-speed diesel jet, and the ligament and droplet formation processes were effectively captured and the effects of the surface wave characteristics and the liquid structure were revealed [24]. Saeedipour et al suggested that the LES-VOF model effectively predicted local turbulence characteristics as well as the energy spectra and accurately calculated industrial problems of dispersed droplets under a coarse grid in heterogeneous flow with density contrasts [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Curvature Radius on Single-Droplet Dynamic Characteristics within a Concave-Wall Jet

Gong,

Jian,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Processes

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The centrifugal force field in a hydrocyclone was affected by the concave-wall curvature radius R0, and the mechanism underlying droplet deformation was closely related to the mass transfer efficiency. Numerical simulation and experimental data were collected to reveal the deformation characteristics and mechanism of a single droplet crossing concave-wall jet. Normalized interfacial energy γ and stretching performance were provided to investigate the droplet deformation process. The results showed that the droplet was stretched along the streamwise direction and shrank along the spanwise direction in the concave-wall jet. The droplet interfacial energy and deformation were the largest when the droplet crossed the jet boundary at t = 0.20 s. The maximum γ value increased with the increase in R0 by 57.3% to 71.4%, and the distance between the droplet and concave wall increased with R0. The Q-criterion was exported to show the increase in the vortex strength with the decrease in R0 at the jet boundary. The pressure distribution inside the droplet showed that the pressure decreased as R0 increased, while the pressure difference increased along the streamwise and wall-normal directions. This study suggested that the droplet breakup was more difficult for a smaller R0, which was beneficial for liquid–liquid heterogeneous separation.

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Numerical Study on Primary Breakup of Disturbed Liquid Jet Sprays Using a VOF Model and LES Method

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Diesel Spray: Development of Spray in Diesel Engine

Diesel Spray: Development of Spray in Diesel Engine

Optimization of Composite Cavitation Nozzle Parameters Based on the Response Surface Methodology

Effect of the Curvature Radius on Single-Droplet Dynamic Characteristics within a Concave-Wall Jet

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