Nurse‐led intervention for the management of bariatric surgery patients: A systematic review

Abstract

SummaryThe prevalence of obesity has become a global health concern, and severe obesity is associated with various chronic diseases and decreased quality of life. Bariatric surgery has shown success in treating obesity. Nevertheless, some patients experience weight regain and unsatisfactory outcomes. Multidisciplinary interventions have been shown to improve postoperative outcomes. Case managers, often specialized nurses, play a crucial role in patient support and coordination of care. However, the diverse design of case‐managing interventions hinders the assessment of their success. Thus, the aim of this review is to identify the most successful structural characteristics of case‐managing interventions, with or without the support of e‐Health, in the process of perioperative management of bariatric surgery patients. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, and CINAHL databases were searched for relevant studies published in the last 10 years. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical studies, case studies, or observational studies that evaluated perioperative care in bariatric surgery. The PICO framework was used to frame the search strategy. The initial search yielded 225 articles, of which 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Nurse‐led case‐managing interventions with a multidisciplinary approach showed positive results in weight loss, physical activity, and quality of life. Patient‐centered care models were found to promote adherence to treatment and patient satisfaction. E‐Health technologies improved quality of life but not weight loss. The duration of behavioral interventions and the long‐term outcomes after surgery remained unclear. Nurse‐led case‐management interventions, with a focus on behavioral change and multidisciplinary approaches, show promise in improving outcomes in bariatric surgery patients. Patient‐centered care models and longer term interventions may contribute to sustained weight loss and better postoperative outcomes. Further research is needed to determine the optimal duration of interventions and the long‐term effects on weight maintenance.

The role of serotonin hormone on weight loss maintenance after sleeve gastrectomy: a systematic review

“…Mendes et al . [ 27 ] highlight fundamental approaches, including psychological support, nutritional guidance, physical activity promotion, pharmacotherapy, and revisional surgery [ 28 ]. Counseling services are essential for helping patients manage emotional factors that can affect eating habits.…”

Design and development of a nurse-led program for the management of bariatric surgery patients - The NURLIFE program

“…The perioperative preparation, beginning in the preoperative phase, is fundamental and should include the needed support from the health professionals working in the process for a successful postoperative period, assuming changes in behavior and patient capacitation. A good patient's self-management helps to achive behavioral changes to be achieved before and after surgery [3], [4].…”

“…The care is focused on what the patient needs and wants, regardless of the type of communication. A holistic and multidimensional approach shows potential for positive clinical results in managing chronic conditions [4].…”

Design and Development of a Nurse-Led Program for the Management of Bariatric Surgery Patients—The NURLIFE Program

“…The guidelines of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology, The Obesity Society, American Society for Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, the Obesity Medicine Association, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (Mechanick et al, 2020) recommend that a multidisciplinary team with expertise in various areas of behavioral intervention should be involved in the follow-up of these patients (Doménech-Briz et al, 2020;Yildiz & Karagözoǧlu, 2021). There are few meta-analyses on these assessments, and those that exist consider and recommend a multidisciplinary intervention led by one of the team professionals, with screening and referral required, for no less than 6 months of follow-up (Güven & Akyolcu, 2020;Mendes et al, 2023). The available after-surgery evidence shows varying results in the postoperative evolution of patients and, occasionally, the need for reoperations and secondary surgeries (Toussi et al, 2009).…”

“…The care is focused on what the patient needs and wants, regardless of the type of communication. A holistic and multidimensional approach shows potential for positive clinical results in managing chronic conditions (Mendes et al, 2023).…”