Nursing XR – a VR application to teach decision making to student nurses

Abstract

This paper validates an approach to the design and development of VR applications that are integrated into the curricula and address fundamental student needs. To accomplish this, a case study describing the process undertaken to create Nursing XR, a wound dressing scenario where the patient is discharged home and requires follow up care and treatment by a nurse. The aim of the VR application is to support nursing students in developing their communication, risk assessment, holistic assessment, and person-centred clinical decision-making skills.
 To design Nursing XR, needs and initial requirements were collected via a workshop with student nurses. The workshop, which involved 10 student nurses and two lecturers in nursing from two Universities (Co-Is) and was led by the PI, supported by the learning technologist and the head developer of the company used for development of the software. Results from the workshop identified two major needs for the students: the need to undertake practical applications of the procedures learned in the lectures and the need to build confidence in the skills required of a nursing student. These needs were the foundations for the design process, which followed an artefact-based approach. The artefacts generated during the design were also used to elicit additional interaction and software requirements from the nursing lecturers. An iterative lean development process was followed by the company for the software implementation. Throughout the development, students and lecturers were involved as user testes ensuring that the user experience of the application was satisfactory, and the application fit for purpose.In this paper, we describe the high-level design and development process followed by the multidisciplinary team to develop Nursing XR and report initial qualitative findings from the workshop focus group.

SwageXR: Designing Gamified AR Applications for Industrial Training

“…The design and development process for SwageXR followed Gilardi et al (2021). The three core areas of the framework can be derived as pre-design, design, and development.…”

“…In contrast with Irshad et al (2015), Woll et al (2011) and Marinakis et al (2021), the design and development framework proposed by Gilardi et al (2021), see figure 1, focuses on education applications, involving stakeholders and potential users through the process. In the pre-design stage not only software requirements are identified, but also learning needs, learning goals, and integration of the output software within the teaching context.…”

“…In the pre-design stage not only software requirements are identified, but also learning needs, learning goals, and integration of the output software within the teaching context. Each stage in Gilardi et al (2021) framework feeds back to earlier stages, facilitating an iterative approach. Unlike Marinakis et al (2021), where iterations of the design are conducted at the very end of the design and development methodology, or Gabbard and Swan II (2008), where the process is linear, Gilardi et al (2021) approach allows for iterations to occur earlier on in the design process, thus providing early opportunities to refine the design with users and stakeholders and more chances to go back to previous stages, if additional requirements or changes are identified throughout the design and development process.…”

“…Early design processes for industrial training AR serious games focused on purely design elements such as learning goals, storyline, and layout (Woll et al, 2011) before evolving to involve an outline of the development part of the process (Marinakis et al, 2021). This paper contribution is a case study on the application of the design and development framework developed by Gilardi et al (2021) on an AR serious game for industrial training. The value of this research is the introduction of techniques such as interaction rehearsal and the use of VR to design AR experiences to elicit feedback and contextualise the application for the stakeholders.…”

Incorporating Extended Reality Technology for Delivering Computer Aided Design and Visualisation Modules

“…for medical students [22] for delivering interactive lecture for 45 mins. A wound dressing and decision-making VR simulation was developed by Gilardi et al [23] to complement student nursing placement and expose student to patient house visits, which would be impossible to do in a traditional nursing course. Syed et.…”