The use of primary literature can be an effective way
to expose
students to the scientific research process. At the same time, primary
literature can be intimidating to many students, particularly those
with limited exposure to science research. The CREATE (consider, read,
elucidate hypotheses, analyze and interpret the data, and think of
the next experiment) method is an evidence-based teaching strategy
that uses a structured series of pedagogical tools to allow students
to perform intensive analysis of primary literature. The use of CREATE
in biology classes increased student self-rated attitudes, confidence,
and understanding of science. On the basis of these prior reports,
we implemented CREATE in a one-semester, stand-alone, undergraduate
chemistry course in which students analyzed a linked series of primary
literature articles tracking the trajectory of a specific area of
chemistry research. The course was aimed at second-year students,
and our goals were to increase student confidence in engaging scientific
literature, demystify the scientific process, and help students see
themselves as having a role in that process. Pre- and post-course
surveys indicated significant increases in understanding of the scientific
process, along with gains in self-rated skills and attitudes related
to science. Students also demonstrated gains in course content knowledge
as assessed by a pre- and post-course concept mapping exercise. Thus,
the CREATE method has been implemented in a chemistry teaching context
that resulted in increased student knowledge.