NUT Midline Carcinoma: A Rare Malignancy

Diffalha, Sameer Al; Aukla, Nidal Al; Hasan, Saleh; Dickinson, Shohreh; Khalil, Farah

doi:10.1177/107327481702400214

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Due to its nonspecific initial clinical presentation, diagnosis is often delayed, and as such NMC is often widely metastatic by the time of presentation. Currently, most patients receive combination chemotherapy and radiation; however, NMC is often refractory to conventional therapies, with a median survival time of approximately 9 months [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 48-Year-Old Male with Cutaneous Metastases of NUT Midline Carcinoma Misdiagnosed as Herpes Zoster

Weng

Song

et al. 2017

Case Rep Oncol

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NUT (nuclear protein of the testis) midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare, poorly differentiated neoplasm with dismal prognosis. Though NMC are often metastatic by the time of presentation, cutaneous metastases have not been well described in the literature. We report a case of NMC in a patient who presented with grouped well-demarcated tender non-ulcerated erythematous nodules on the right mid-back. The lesions were initially diagnosed and treated as herpes zoster. Following failure to improve with antiviral therapy, imaging and skin biopsy revealed that the lesions were in fact cutaneous NUT carcinoma. Although NMC is an uncommon diagnosis, clinicians should be aware that affected patients can develop skin involvement to avoid unnecessary and harmful treatments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 48-Year-Old Male with Cutaneous Metastases of NUT Midline Carcinoma Misdiagnosed as Herpes Zoster

Weng

Song

et al. 2017

Case Rep Oncol

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“…It is defined by rearrangements of the NUT gene, involving the translocation of chromosomes 15 and 19. 2 Despite its name, it does not arise in the testes but most commonly occurs in the thorax and head and neck, and rarely in the retroperitoneum or bone. 3 It is categorized as a midline carcinoma because it most often occurs in structures in the midline of the body.…”

Section: Clinical Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Symptoms of thoracic NMC are nonspecific and include cough, fever, chest pain, dyspnea, weight loss, and hemoptysis. 2,5,6 At presentation, thoracic NMCs tend to be large, with 60% being $6 cm. 3 They commonly show invasion of adjacent airways and mediastinal structures and are usually discovered at a late stage, with 94% presenting with lymph node or distant metastasis.…”

Section: Clinical Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some cases report use of chemotherapy with histone deacetylase inhibitors or platinum-based therapies with or without radiation, with moderate clinical improvement. [2][3][4] To date, no significant impact on overall survival has been reported with any treatment regimen. 2,3,9 Bromodomain and extraterminal motif inhibitors competitively inhibit the binding of BRD4 to chromatin NUTM1, resulting in the arrest and terminal differentiation of NMC cells in vivo and in vitro.…”

Section: Pathologic Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 33-Year-Old Man With Chest Pain

Ballenberger

Vojnic

Indaram

et al. 2022

CHEST

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A 33-year-old man was admitted with a 4-week history of intermittent, right-sided chest pain. Two weeks before the incident, he had completed a 10-day course of levofloxacin for a presumed right-sided pneumonia without much improvement. He denied any dyspnea, cough, sputum production, hemoptysis, night sweats, or weight loss. He was an active smoker with a 20-pack-year smoking history and 1-year history of vaping nicotine.

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“…All BET family members contain two conserved bromodomains which enable them to recognize acetylation marks on the chromatin, in addition to an extraterminal domain which enables interactions with other proteins [23,24]. The BET family has attracted much attention due to its significant role in gene transcription regulation in addition to its implication in the development of the particularly aggressive Nuclear protein in Testis (NUT) midline carcinoma, which is characterized by the presence of a BRD4-NUT fusion gene and arises in the mediastinum, head, and neck of typically young patients [25][26][27][28]. This aberrant fusion gene includes the two bromo-and extraterminal domains of BRD4, in addition to a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) binding domain from the NUT gene.…”

Section: Bromodomain and Extraterminal Inhibitors In Pancreatic Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Targeting of Aberrant Transcriptional Modulation in Pancreatic Cancer

Hamdan

Johnsen

2018

Epigenomes

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While the mortality rates of cancer are generally declining, pancreatic cancer persists to be an exception with a 5-year-survival rate of less than 7%. Late diagnosis and resistance to conventional therapies contribute to high mortality rates in spite of the remarkable recent advances in cancer management and research. Consequently, there is an urgent need to find new and unconventional therapeutic targets to improve prognosis and survival of pancreatic cancer patients. In this review, we discuss the transcriptional effects of the most widely used epigenetic inhibitors in pancreatic cancer focusing on Bromodomain and Extraterminal domain (BET) and Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, which are currently highly promising therapeutic options. We suggest that these inhibitors can be better utilized at lower doses which exploit their transcriptional modulatory effects on pancreatic cancer transcriptional programs directed by specific factors such as MYC and Forkhead Box A1 (FOXA1), rather than simply based on their anti-proliferative effects. This approach can potentially help avoid the intolerable adverse events frequently elicited by the use of these treatments at higher doses. In particular, we underscore the crucial role of distal regulatory elements in mediating the specific effects of these epigenetic inhibitors and propose using them in a more selective and prudent manner.

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NUT Midline Carcinoma: A Rare Malignancy

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

A 48-Year-Old Male with Cutaneous Metastases of NUT Midline Carcinoma Misdiagnosed as Herpes Zoster

A 48-Year-Old Male with Cutaneous Metastases of NUT Midline Carcinoma Misdiagnosed as Herpes Zoster

A 33-Year-Old Man With Chest Pain

Epigenetic Targeting of Aberrant Transcriptional Modulation in Pancreatic Cancer

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