Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements for Older Adults with Long COVID-19

Tosato, Matteo; Ciciarello, Francesca; Zazzara, Maria Beatrice; Pais, Cristina; Savera, Giulia; Picca, Anna; Galluzzo, Vincenzo; Coelho-Júnior, Hélio José; Calvani, Riccardo; Marzetti, Emanuele; Landi, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.cger.2022.04.004

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 199 publications

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“…Several nutritional supplements and bioactive foods are being investigated to counteract long COVID [ 9 ]. l -arginine is a key regulator of immune, respiratory, and endothelial function [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of l-Arginine Plus Vitamin C Supplementation on Physical Performance, Endothelial Function, and Persistent Fatigue in Adults with Long COVID: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2022

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Long COVID, a condition characterized by symptom and/or sign persistence following an acute COVID-19 episode, is associated with reduced physical performance and endothelial dysfunction. Supplementation of l-arginine may improve endothelial and muscle function by stimulating nitric oxide synthesis. A single-blind randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in adults aged between 20 and 60 years with persistent fatigue attending a post-acute COVID-19 outpatient clinic. Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive twice-daily orally either a combination of 1.66 g l-arginine plus 500 mg liposomal vitamin C or a placebo for 28 days. The primary outcome was the distance walked on the 6 min walk test. Secondary outcomes were handgrip strength, flow-mediated dilation, and fatigue persistence. Fifty participants were randomized to receive either l-arginine plus vitamin C or a placebo. Forty-six participants (median (interquartile range) age 51 (14), 30 [65%] women), 23 per group, received the intervention to which they were allocated and completed the study. At 28 days, l-arginine plus vitamin C increased the 6 min walk distance (+30 (40.5) m; placebo: +0 (75) m, p = 0.001) and induced a greater improvement in handgrip strength (+3.4 (7.5) kg) compared with the placebo (+1 (6.6) kg, p = 0.03). The flow-mediated dilation was greater in the active group than in the placebo (14.3% (7.3) vs. 9.4% (5.8), p = 0.03). At 28 days, fatigue was reported by two participants in the active group (8.7%) and 21 in the placebo group (80.1%; p <0.0001). l-arginine plus vitamin C supplementation improved walking performance, muscle strength, endothelial function, and fatigue in adults with long COVID. This supplement may, therefore, be considered to restore physical performance and relieve persistent symptoms in this patient population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of l-Arginine Plus Vitamin C Supplementation on Physical Performance, Endothelial Function, and Persistent Fatigue in Adults with Long COVID: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2022

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“…The use of nutraceuticals for specific long-COVID symptoms has been previously suggested ( 56 ). Here, we developed a nutraceutical for the treatment of a large array of long-COVID symptoms and we demonstrated statistically significant improvement in all tested endpoints in a relatively short time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The results of a unique dietary supplement (nutraceutical formulation) used to treat the symptoms of long-haul COVID

et al. 2022

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Long-COVID is a syndrome characterized by debilitating symptoms that persist over 3 months after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It affects 15 to 33% of COVID-19 recovered patients and has no dedicated treatment. First, we found that β-caryophyllene and pregnenolone have a significant synergistic effect in the resolution of LPS-induced sepsis and inflammation in mice. Then we combined these two compounds with seven others and designed a unique dietary supplement formulation to alleviate long COVID inflammatory and neurological disorders. We performed a one-arm open-labeled study at a single site with 51 eligible patients from 18 states. Each participant recorded the severity level of 12 symptoms (including fatigue, weakness, cardiac and neurological symptoms, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal disorders, ageusia or anosmia, anxiety, joint pain, rash, cough, and insomnia) at baseline, 2- and 4-week time points. On average, all the symptoms were significantly milder after 2 weeks, with further improvement after 4 weeks. Importantly, each symptom was significantly attenuated in 72 to 84% of the participants. There were no significant adverse effects. Our data indicate that the use of this nutraceutical product is a safe and significantly efficient option to reduce multiple symptoms of long COVID.

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“…Many of these physiological effects are different from those that occur during the acute phase of COVID-19. Long COVID-19 syndrome affects persons of all age groups and is associated with substantial reductions of quality of life [ 99 ].…”

Section: Factors Affecting E-nose Early Detection Of Human Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Possible disease mechanisms involved in Long COVID-19 syndrome may include chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, metabolic perturbations, and gut dysbiosis [ 99 ]. Some of these pathogenic mechanisms involving immunologic and systemic effects likely overlap with those of the aging process and may aggravate pre-existing degenerative conditions such as cognitive decline and sarcopenia [ 113 , 114 , 115 ].…”

Section: Factors Affecting E-nose Early Detection Of Human Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for Early Noninvasive COVID-19 Detection Using Electronic-Nose Technologies and Disease-Specific VOC Metabolic Biomarkers

Wilson

Forse

2023

Sensors

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The established efficacy of electronic volatile organic compound (VOC) detection technologies as diagnostic tools for noninvasive early detection of COVID-19 and related coronaviruses has been demonstrated from multiple studies using a variety of experimental and commercial electronic devices capable of detecting precise mixtures of VOC emissions in human breath. The activities of numerous global research teams, developing novel electronic-nose (e-nose) devices and diagnostic methods, have generated empirical laboratory and clinical trial test results based on the detection of different types of host VOC-biomarker metabolites from specific chemical classes. COVID-19-specific volatile biomarkers are derived from disease-induced changes in host metabolic pathways by SARS-CoV-2 viral pathogenesis. The unique mechanisms proposed from recent researchers to explain how COVID-19 causes damage to multiple organ systems throughout the body are associated with unique symptom combinations, cytokine storms and physiological cascades that disrupt normal biochemical processes through gene dysregulation to generate disease-specific VOC metabolites targeted for e-nose detection. This paper reviewed recent methods and applications of e-nose and related VOC-detection devices for early, noninvasive diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections. In addition, metabolomic (quantitative) COVID-19 disease-specific chemical biomarkers, consisting of host-derived VOCs identified from exhaled breath of patients, were summarized as possible sources of volatile metabolic biomarkers useful for confirming and supporting e-nose diagnoses.

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Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements for Older Adults with Long COVID-19

Cited by 28 publications

References 199 publications

Effects of l-Arginine Plus Vitamin C Supplementation on Physical Performance, Endothelial Function, and Persistent Fatigue in Adults with Long COVID: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of l-Arginine Plus Vitamin C Supplementation on Physical Performance, Endothelial Function, and Persistent Fatigue in Adults with Long COVID: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

The results of a unique dietary supplement (nutraceutical formulation) used to treat the symptoms of long-haul COVID

Potential for Early Noninvasive COVID-19 Detection Using Electronic-Nose Technologies and Disease-Specific VOC Metabolic Biomarkers

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