Nutraceuticals as Chemopreventive and Therapeutic agents in Gut Associated Pathogenesis

Abstract

Nutraceuticals have gained great insights in recent years due to their therapeutic implications. Secondary metabolites like glutamate, flavonoids, polyphenols and terpenoids are widespread in nature and are part of human diet. Polysaccharides of prebiotic nature are used both as therapeutic and prophylactic agents. These nutraceuticals in recent times have been reported to posses great potential to reduce antigenic and oxidative pressure in the human gut. Antioxidant rich diet is a potential therapeutic agent against reactive oxygen species induced pathogenesis. Epegenetic compounds present in antioxidant and prebiotics rich nutraceuticals mitigate and remove the causative factors associated with pathogenesis. Flavonoids and polyphenols exhibit antioxidant properties and have been recognized as potential gastroprotective agents and epigenetic modulators as well. Triterpenoids such as cucurbitacin is reported to posses anticancer activities. Glutamate is an enteric neurotransmitter that is used in improving neonatal gut function. This review comprehensively summarizes the current knowledge of gut modulating nutraceuticals which ultimately can play its role from prophylaxis of gut to its therapeutics by employing various macro and micro molecular pathways.

Phytochemical Composition of Extracts Prepared from Dietary Cucurbits and their Cytoprotective Efficacies against Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Oxidative Stress in GI Cell-INT407

“…Extracts were found to protect gastrointestinal cells from injurious effect of H 2 O 2 by modulating the activities of cellular anti-oxidant defense system. Based on this and our previous studies on dietary cucurbits [1][2][3][4]46] it can be said that the consumption of adequate amount of these vegetables might be essentially helpful to ameliorate ROS induced gut associated pathogenesis. Enhanced nutrient uptake was previously evaluated on probiotic Lactobacilli through modulation of proton pumping ATPase activities [2] expose light towards uptake of antioxidant phytomedicines present in the extracts.…”

Epigenetics and DOHaD: from basics to birth and beyond

“…71 Epigenetically active nutrients, sometimes referred to as nutraceuticals, have been found to be protective against multiple disorders including those of the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular disease and cancer. 72 Research into their mechanisms of action are in their infancy but it was shown recently that epigallocatechin gallate prevented high fat dietinduced changes to gut microbiota, host gene expression and DNA methylation. 73 Clearly, there is still a lot to be learned about how we can modify our microbiota to prevent disease.…”

Cucurbit Extracts Augment Biofilm Formation by Probiotic Lactobacilli: An In Vitro Study

“…Dietary plants act directly on the host and indirectly through host associated microbial processing. The present study is in continuation of our previous studies in which various activities like antioxidant, cytoprotective and modulation of proton pumping ATPase activities have been targeted in presence of cucurbit extracts [9][10][11][12]. Here we intended to explore the effect of extracts on growth and biofilm formation of probiotics as well as pathogens in an in vitro microbial culture system.…”

“…Lagenaria siceraria (Ls), Luffa cylindrica (Lc) and Cucurbita maxima (Cm) are most easily digestible vegetable. These groups of plants have gained a great insight due to their nutritional and medicinal potentials [9][10][11][12]. Phytochemical evaluations of different extracts prepared from fruits of these plants were carried out and a part of these have recently been published [9].…”