Nutrient and water availability alter belowground patterns of biomass allocation, carbon partitioning, and ectomycorrhizal abundance in Betula nigra

Kleczewski, Nathan M.; Herms, Daniel A.; Bonello, Pierluigi

doi:10.1007/s00468-011-0613-3

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…Pre‐dawn leaf water potential was measured with a PMS model 600, portable pressure bomb (PMS Instrument Co., Corvallis, OR, USA) (Kleczewski et al . ). Leaf water potential was measured weekly from the induction of the low water treatment to 2 weeks post‐egg application; however, only the measurements recorded on the first day and the final day of the water treatment were compared.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of water availability on emerald ash borer larval performance and phloem phenolics of Manchurian and black ash

Chakraborty

Whitehill

Hill

et al. 2013

Plant Cell & Environment

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The invasive emerald ash borer (EAB) beetle is a significant threat to the survival of North American ash. In previous work, we identified putative biochemical and molecular markers of constitutive EAB resistance in Manchurian ash, an Asian species co-evolved with EAB. Here, we employed high-throughput high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection and mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-MS) to characterize the induced response of soluble phloem phenolics to EAB attack in resistant Manchurian and susceptible black ash under conditions of either normal or low water availability, and the effects of water availability on larval performance. Total larval mass per tree was lower in Manchurian than in black ash. Low water increased larval numbers and mean larval mass overall, but more so in Manchurian ash. Low water did not affect levels of phenolics in either host species, but six phenolics decreased in response to EAB. In both ashes, pinoresinol A was induced by EAB, especially in Manchurian ash. Pinoresinol A and pinoresinol B were negatively correlated with each other in both species. The higher accumulation of pinoresinol A in Manchurian ash after attack may help explain the resistance of this species to EAB, but none of the responses measured here could explain increased larval performance in trees subjected to low water availability.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of water availability on emerald ash borer larval performance and phloem phenolics of Manchurian and black ash

Chakraborty

Whitehill

Hill

et al. 2013

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…4;Ericsson 1995;Kuokkanen et al 2004;Kleczewski et al 2012). Also defoliation singly tended to cause a decrease in the ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Namely, it has been found that leaf dry mass strongly correlates with sapwood area indicating that increased vaporization and water requirements in shoots increase conducting tissue and thus diameter and mass in stem (Kaufmann and Troendle 1981). Furthermore, as total biomass, the photosynthetically active leaf area of birch seedlings increased by fertilization, or by temperature elevation; increase in leaf area is a typical response to increased nutrients and warmth for many tree species (Maier et al 2008;Mäenpää et al 2011;Kleczewski et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If global warming increases abundance of insect herbivores (Jepsen et al 2011), or nutrient availability by accelerating mineralization rates or enhancing atmospheric nitrogen deposition (Galloway et al 2004;Verburg 2005), the net effect in silver birch seedlings is to shift resource allocation toward shoot growth and away from root growth ( Fig. 4; Kleczewski et al 2012). It would not be surprising if there were some general adverse consequences for plants with low root: shoot ratios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactive effects of defoliation and climate change on compensatory growth of silver birch seedlings

Huttunen¹,

Ayres²,

Niemelä³

et al. 2013

Silva Fenn.

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Interactive effects of defoliation and climate change on compensatory growth of silver birch seedlings Huttunen L., Ayres M.P., Niemelä P., Heiska S., Tegelberg R., Rousi M., Kellomäki S. (2013). Interactive effects of defoliation and climate change on compensatory growth of silver birch seedlings. Silva Fennica vol. 47 no. 3 article id 964. 14 p. Highlights• The main components affecting growth compensation in silver birch seedlings are the timing and severity of foliage damage.• The ability to compensate growth is also dependent upon the limits of temperature and nutrient availability.• The responses of birches imply that folivory does not necessarily lead to reduced net productivity under changing climate. AbstractAtmospheric warming increases the abundance of insect herbivores and intensifies the risk of defoliation, especially in high latitude forests. At the same time, the effects of increasing temperature and CO 2 on plant responses to foliage damage are poorly understood. We examined if previous-year defoliation, varying between 0 and 75% of total leaf area, and different combinations of elevated temperature, CO 2 and nutrient availability alter the growth of two-year old silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) seedlings. We measured the greatest height growth in seedlings that were fertilized and defoliated twice at the level of 50% of total leaf area, and subjected to elevated temperature with ambient CO 2 . The lowest growth was recorded in unfertilized seedlings that were defoliated twice at the level of 25% of total leaf area, and grew under ambient temperature with ambient CO 2 . The total biomass increased in all seedlings that were fertilized or grew under elevated temperature. The root: shoot ratios were low in defoliated seedlings, or seedlings subjected to fertilization or temperature elevation. Our conclusion is that ability of birches to compensate height growth is highly dependent upon the magnitude and frequency of defoliation on the limits of temperature and nutrient availability. These responses imply that folivory does not necessarily lead to reduced net productivity of trees under changing climate.

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“…The interactions between N and drought are difficult to determine because (1) the effects can depend on the timing of N deposition relative to drought; (2) most experiments are done with young trees or herbaceous plants and not with mature vegetation; (3) many studies impose only weak drought conditions that might not result in drought-N feedbacks [74]; and (4) the impacts vary with ecosystem and plant traits. However, in general, the effects from drought and N deposition are interdependent [24] and not always additive [75,76].…”

Section: Interactions Between N and Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earth System Model Needs for Including the Interactive Representation of Nitrogen Deposition and Drought Effects on Forested Ecosystems

Drewniak

Gonzàlez-Meler

2017

Forests

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Abstract:One of the biggest uncertainties of climate change is determining the response of vegetation to many co-occurring stressors. In particular, many forests are experiencing increased nitrogen deposition and are expected to suffer in the future from increased drought frequency and intensity. Interactions between drought and nitrogen deposition are antagonistic and non-additive, which makes predictions of vegetation response dependent on multiple factors. The tools we use (Earth system models) to evaluate the impact of climate change on the carbon cycle are ill equipped to capture the physiological feedbacks and dynamic responses of ecosystems to these types of stressors. In this manuscript, we review the observed effects of nitrogen deposition and drought on vegetation as they relate to productivity, particularly focusing on carbon uptake and partitioning. We conclude there are several areas of model development that can improve the predicted carbon uptake under increasing nitrogen deposition and drought. This includes a more flexible framework for carbon and nitrogen partitioning, dynamic carbon allocation, better representation of root form and function, age and succession dynamics, competition, and plant modeling using trait-based approaches. These areas of model development have the potential to improve the forecasting ability and reduce the uncertainty of climate models.

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Nutrient and water availability alter belowground patterns of biomass allocation, carbon partitioning, and ectomycorrhizal abundance in Betula nigra

Cited by 24 publications

References 63 publications

Effects of water availability on emerald ash borer larval performance and phloem phenolics of Manchurian and black ash

Effects of water availability on emerald ash borer larval performance and phloem phenolics of Manchurian and black ash

Interactive effects of defoliation and climate change on compensatory growth of silver birch seedlings

Earth System Model Needs for Including the Interactive Representation of Nitrogen Deposition and Drought Effects on Forested Ecosystems

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