Nutrient availability reduced in older rural impoundments in coastal Bay of Fundy, Canada

Loder, Amanda L.; Mallory, Mark L.; Spooner, Ian; Turner, Maxwell; McLellan, Nic R.

doi:10.1007/s10750-018-3535-x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Instead, we found they are small in areal extent and similar to actively restored freshwater wetlands in other regions (e.g. Moreno‐Mateos et al 2012; Bortolotti et al 2016; Loder et al 2018). Although geographically isolated wetlands provide a multitude of important functions (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…It is often most feasible to promote water and organic matter accumulation by removing drainage mechanisms and restoring or creating small depressions on former farmland. In this process, small depressions are either shaped in low‐lying land with dikes or berms, or connected to natural flow regimes by enabling outflow or installing a spillway to sustain shallow water levels (Bortolotti et al 2016; Loder et al 2018; Winikoff et al 2020). These types of wetlands can support high levels of biological production and plant cover within 10 years of restoration (Bortolotti et al 2016; Brown & Norris 2017; Winikoff et al 2020), which can lead to high concentrations of soil organic carbon (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controls on organic carbon stocks among restored wetland soils in the Long Point region of southern Ontario, Canada

Loder

Zamaria

Arhonditsis

et al. 2023

Restoration Ecology

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Freshwater marsh restoration can be a viable natural climate solution; however, the extent to which marsh soils bury and preserve organic carbon within policy‐relevant timescales remains highly uncertain. Here, we compare organic carbon masses and accumulation rates from an undrained reference marsh, a passively restored freshwater marsh (reflooded after 1954) and a chronosequence of actively restored freshwater marshes (<10 years in age) situated in Lake Erie watersheds in the Long Point Biosphere Reserve of Ontario, Canada. The reference site has sustained the highest rates of short‐term organic carbon accumulation (235 g C m−2 yr−1) over the last four decades and has the highest mass of soil organic carbon (122 tC/ha) at 0–30 cm depth. Organic carbon masses are highly variable among all restored wetlands (16–115 tC/ha) at 0–30 cm depth and are not strongly related to time since restoration at least over the last 10 years. Nonetheless, we show that passive wetland restoration generates high rates of organic carbon accumulation (144 g m−2 yr−1) on a multidecadal scale where sites are low‐lying, underlain by alluvial deposits and connected to larger ground and surface water networks. Active restoration measures (e.g. excavation, installation of berms) may promote organic carbon preservation, particularly where fine‐grained soil texture promotes waterlogging. We demonstrate the importance of substrate, topographic gradient, and hydrology in selecting sites for marsh restoration to maximize carbon sequestration, and argue that the presettlement context and reference paleorecords provide necessary baselines for directing successful wetland restoration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%